Estimativa do estoque de carbono no solo via espectroscopia de reflectância difusa (vis/nir) sensoriamento remoto aéreo e orbital

Ohana Cristina Oliveira Faria; Gilmar Nunes Torres; Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo; Eduardo Guimarães Couto

doi:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n320rc

Autores

Ohana Cristina Oliveira Faria Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3407-6869
Gilmar Nunes Torres Santos Lab Participações Comércio e Indústria Aeroespacial S. A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-415X
Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7647
Eduardo Guimarães Couto Department of Soil and Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5271-9709

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n320rc

Palavras-chave:

Agricultura de precisão. Monitoramento de estoque de carbono. Sensores remotos.

Resumo

Os procedimentos atuais de determinação do conteúdo de carbono orgânico do solo (COS) são onerosos, demorados e geram resíduos químicos poluentes. Por isso, o desenvolvimento de novos protocolos utilizando o sensoriamento remoto aéreo, orbital e a espectroscopia de refletância difusa (ERD) para o mapeamento digital do estoque de carbono orgânico do solo (EC) são imprescindíveis para o fomento de ações de pesquisa e monitoramento do COS nos solos brasileiros. Diante disso, foram estudadas três áreas de talhões comerciais na região do Meio Norte de Mato Grosso onde realizou-se a amostragem para a determinação de COS na camada de 0 a 30 cm, avaliado pelo método de combustão via seca e estimado através da ERD na região do visível ao infravermelho-próximo - Vis-NIR-SWIR/350-2500 nm) . Para obtenção das imagens por sensoriamento remoto aéreo, foi utilizado o Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado Carcará II^®, com uma câmera multiespectal (RGB + NIR + RedEdge) da marca MicaSense^® acoplada. Os sensores orbitais utilizados foram o satélite Sentinel 2^® e Planet^®. Este estudo mostrou que os valores do estoque de carbono do solo podem ser preditos usando diferentes abordagens de modelagem com base em medições espectrais de campo e laboratório. Modelos preditivos para estimar o COS podem ser estabelecidos usando sensoriamento remoto e próximo, permitindo assim uma melhor compreensão dos padrões espaciais do COS nos campos de cultivo.

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