INFECCIÓN FÚNGICA EN TEJIDOS DE CARIOPSIS DE MAÍZ Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA CALIDAD SANITARIA
Palavras-chave:
F. graminearum. F. verticillioides. Colonización fúngica.Resumo
Los objetivos del trabajo fueron evaluar la calidad sanitaria en cariopsis de maíz (Zea mays L.) infectados por F. graminearum provenientes de plantas inoculadas en diferentes momentos de la floración y determinar la ubicación de F. graminearum en los tejidos de cariopsis de maíz. Se evaluó la patología de los cariopsis y se determinó la calidad sanitaria de las espigas inoculadas con F. graminearum en diferentes momentos de floración en el Campo Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Zavalla – Santa Fe, Argentina. Para determinar la ubicación de F. graminearum en tejidos del cariopsis de maíz se realizaron cortes histológicos en los cariopsis con probables síntomas de enfermedad mediante técnicas de corte por congelación, diafanización, tinción y técnica de inclusión en parafina y coloración y se utilizó la Técnica de Rayos X para observar el efecto de la colonización por F. graminearum en los tejidos seminales. Se observaron diferencias entre híbridos, sin embargo F. graminearum afectó de manera similar los cariopsis en los tercios superior, medio e inferior de la espiga de maíz; la incidencia por F. graminearum es baja en cariopsis de maíz debido a la mayor agresividad de F. verticillioides al ingresar al estigma del maíz con el grano de polen. F. graminearum y F. verticillioides no penetran al interior del cariopsis, sino que llegan hasta las capas internas del pericarpo y no afectan la capa de aleurona y el embrión del cariopsis de maíz.Downloads
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Referências
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BEYER, M. et al. Effect of relative humidity on germination of ascospores and macroconidia of Gibberella zeae and deoxynivalenol production. International journal of Food Microbiology, v. 98, p. 233–240, 2005.
BROWN, N. A. et al. The infection biology of Fusarium graminearum: Defining the pathways of spikelet to spikelet colonization in wheat ears. Fungal Biology, Philadelphia, v. 114, n. 7, p. 555-571, 2010.
CHAMPEIL, A.; DORE, T.; FOURBET, J. F.Fusarium head blight: epidemiological origin of the effects of cultural practices on head blight attacks and the production of mycotoxins by Fusarium in wheat grains. Plant Science, v. 166, p. 1389–1415, 2004.
COVARELLI, L. et al. Characterization of Fusarium verticillioides strains isolated from maize in Italy: fumonisin production, pathogenicity and genetic variability. Food microbiology, v. 31, p. 17–24, 2012.
CRAVIOTTO, R. et al. A Device for Automated Digital X-Ray Imaging for Seed Analysis. Seed Science & Technology, v. 32, n. 3, p. 867-871, 2004.
GOSWAMI, R. S.; KISTLER, H. C. Heading for disaster: Fusarium graminearum on cereal crops. Molecular Plant Pathology, v. 5, p. 515–25, 2004.
GOVENDER, V.; AVELING, T. A. S.; KRITZINGER, Q. The effect of traditional storage methods on germination and vigour of maize (Zea mays L.) from northern KwaZulu-Natal and southern Mozambique. South Africa Journal of Botany, Heidelberg, v. 74, p. 190-196, 2008.
INFOSTAT. Datos de ejemplos. Publicado en Internet. Software statistical. Version 2006. Disponible em: < http:// www.infostat.com.ar>. Acesso em: 08 set. 2013.
INTERNACIONAL SEED TESTING ASSOCIATION.ISTA. Rules for Seed Testing. Supplement. Zurich: ISTA, 2014. 364 p.
LESLIE, J. F. et al. The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 388 p.
LEWANDOWSKI, S. M., BUSHNELL, W. R., EVANS, C. K. Distribution of mycelial colonies and lesions in field-grown barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum. Phytopathology, St. Paul, v. 96, n. 6, p. 567-581, 2006.
MUNKVOLD, G. Epidemiology of Fusarium diseases and their mycotoxins in maize ears. Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University. Journal Plant Pathology, v. 109, p. 705-713, 2003.
PERUZZO, A. et al. Relación entre infección de Fusarium graminearum y transmisión de toxinas a las semillas y harinas de trigo y soja. In: CONGRESO SOCIEDAD DE BIOLOGIA DE ROSARIO, 14. 2012. p. 166. Versión digital
PRESELLO, D. A. et al. Stability of maize resistance to the ear rots caused by Fusarium graminearum and F. verticillioides in Argentinian and Canadian environments. Euphytica, v. 147, p. 403–407, 2006.
REID, L.M. et al. Screening Maize for Resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Technical Bulletin 1996-5E– Canada, Ontario, 1996. 37 p.
REID, L. et al. Interaction of Fusarium graminearum and F. moniliforme in maize ears: disease progress, fungal biomass, and mycotoxin accumulation. Pytopathology, v. 89, p. 1028–1037, 1999.
RIBICHICH, K. et al. Histopathological spikelet changes produced by Fusarium graminearum in susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars. Plant Disease, v. 84, p. 794–802, 2000.
STATISTIX 8. User´s Manual. Analytical Software. Chapter 8, Association test, p. 396, 2007.
STEWART, D. et al. A Mathematical simulation of growth of Fusarium in Maize ears after artificial inoculation. Phytopathology, v. 92, p. 534–541, 2002.
VIX VixWinTM. Digital Imaging Software. Operator Manual. Ed. Dentsply International Gendex Dental X-ray Division, p. 80, 2000.
BEYER, M. et al. Effect of relative humidity on germination of ascospores and macroconidia of Gibberella zeae and deoxynivalenol production. International journal of Food Microbiology, v. 98, p. 233–240, 2005.
BROWN, N. A. et al. The infection biology of Fusarium graminearum: Defining the pathways of spikelet to spikelet colonization in wheat ears. Fungal Biology, Philadelphia, v. 114, n. 7, p. 555-571, 2010.
CHAMPEIL, A.; DORE, T.; FOURBET, J. F.Fusarium head blight: epidemiological origin of the effects of cultural practices on head blight attacks and the production of mycotoxins by Fusarium in wheat grains. Plant Science, v. 166, p. 1389–1415, 2004.
COVARELLI, L. et al. Characterization of Fusarium verticillioides strains isolated from maize in Italy: fumonisin production, pathogenicity and genetic variability. Food microbiology, v. 31, p. 17–24, 2012.
CRAVIOTTO, R. et al. A Device for Automated Digital X-Ray Imaging for Seed Analysis. Seed Science & Technology, v. 32, n. 3, p. 867-871, 2004.
GOSWAMI, R. S.; KISTLER, H. C. Heading for disaster: Fusarium graminearum on cereal crops. Molecular Plant Pathology, v. 5, p. 515–25, 2004.
GOVENDER, V.; AVELING, T. A. S.; KRITZINGER, Q. The effect of traditional storage methods on germination and vigour of maize (Zea mays L.) from northern KwaZulu-Natal and southern Mozambique. South Africa Journal of Botany, Heidelberg, v. 74, p. 190-196, 2008.
INFOSTAT. Datos de ejemplos. Publicado en Internet. Software statistical. Version 2006. Disponible em: < http:// www.infostat.com.ar>. Acesso em: 08 set. 2013.
INTERNACIONAL SEED TESTING ASSOCIATION.ISTA. Rules for Seed Testing. Supplement. Zurich: ISTA, 2014. 364 p.
LESLIE, J. F. et al. The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 388 p.
LEWANDOWSKI, S. M., BUSHNELL, W. R., EVANS, C. K. Distribution of mycelial colonies and lesions in field-grown barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum. Phytopathology, St. Paul, v. 96, n. 6, p. 567-581, 2006.
MUNKVOLD, G. Epidemiology of Fusarium diseases and their mycotoxins in maize ears. Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University. Journal Plant Pathology, v. 109, p. 705-713, 2003.
PERUZZO, A. et al. Relación entre infección de Fusarium graminearum y transmisión de toxinas a las semillas y harinas de trigo y soja. In: CONGRESO SOCIEDAD DE BIOLOGIA DE ROSARIO, 14. 2012. p. 166. Versión digital
PRESELLO, D. A. et al. Stability of maize resistance to the ear rots caused by Fusarium graminearum and F. verticillioides in Argentinian and Canadian environments. Euphytica, v. 147, p. 403–407, 2006.
REID, L.M. et al. Screening Maize for Resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Technical Bulletin 1996-5E– Canada, Ontario, 1996. 37 p.
REID, L. et al. Interaction of Fusarium graminearum and F. moniliforme in maize ears: disease progress, fungal biomass, and mycotoxin accumulation. Pytopathology, v. 89, p. 1028–1037, 1999.
RIBICHICH, K. et al. Histopathological spikelet changes produced by Fusarium graminearum in susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars. Plant Disease, v. 84, p. 794–802, 2000.
STATISTIX 8. User´s Manual. Analytical Software. Chapter 8, Association test, p. 396, 2007.
STEWART, D. et al. A Mathematical simulation of growth of Fusarium in Maize ears after artificial inoculation. Phytopathology, v. 92, p. 534–541, 2002.
VIX VixWinTM. Digital Imaging Software. Operator Manual. Ed. Dentsply International Gendex Dental X-ray Division, p. 80, 2000.
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13-04-2015
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