DINÂMICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE RAÍZES FINAS EM FLORESTA TROPICAL SAZONALMENTE SECA ANTE O REGIME PLUVIOMÉTRICO

Eunice Maia de Andrade; Gilberto Quevedo Rosa; Aldenia Mendes Mascena de Almeida; Antonio Givanilson Rodrigues da Silva; Maria Gina Torres Sena

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n218rc

Autores

Eunice Maia de Andrade Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Universidade Federal do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-0364
Gilberto Quevedo Rosa Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-666X
Aldenia Mendes Mascena de Almeida Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0929-1513
Antonio Givanilson Rodrigues da Silva Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9644-5642
Maria Gina Torres Sena Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-8728

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n218rc

Palavras-chave:

Caatinga. Semiárido. Regime pluviométrico. Profundidade efetiva.

Resumo

Florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas (FTSS) geralmente apresentam estações secas com oito ou mais meses. Frente ao questionamento de resiliência das FTSS às mudanças climáticas desenvolveu-se essa pesquisa objetivando investigar a dinâmica da biomassa de raízes finas ante o regime pluviométrico. O experimento teve início ao final da estação úmida (jul./2015), quando as raízes finas foram caracterizadas e implantados os núcleos de crescimento interno. A dinâmica temporal das raízes finas foi monitorada na camada de 0-30 cm e as subcamadas de 0-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm por seis coletas no período de nov./2015 a jul./2017. Os indicadores considerados na investigação foram: biomassa de raízes finas, comprimento de raízes finas, comprimento específico de raízes finas, e diâmetro médio das raízes finas. A significância da dinâmica das raízes no tempo e no espaço foram testadas pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis (p < 0,05). Após a separação, as raízes finas (Ø < 2 mm) foram secas em estufa (65 °C) até massa constante. O comprimento das raízes foi determinado pelo software Giaroots. A biomassa de raízes finas (Ø < 2 mm) em jul./2015 foi de 7,7 ± 5,0 Mg ha^-¹ e o comprimento foi de 5,0 ± 3,2 km m^-2. A dinâmica das raízes finas em FTSS é fortemente limitada nos períodos secos, ocorrendo perda de biomassa e do comprimento de raízes finas em todas as camadas. A produção de raízes finas ocorre fundamentalmente nas estações chuvosas, com uma rápida resposta de desenvolvimento do sistema radicular à ocorrência de precipitações, principalmente no seu comprimento.

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