STRAW DEGRADATION AND NITROGEN RELEASE FROM COVER CROPS UNDER NO-TILLAGE

Authors

  • Adriano Stephan Nascente Embrapa Rice and Beans image/svg+xml
  • Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Campus Botucatu - SP
  • Luis Fernando Stone Embrapa Rice and Beans image/svg+xml

Keywords:

Nitrogen cycling. Millet. Perennial forage. Mineralization.

Abstract

Crops used to cover the ground may also release nitrogen into the soil during mineralization. However, it is necessary to identify species that combine fast nutrient release and longer permanence of the straw on the soil surface. The aim of this study was to investigate straw degradation and nitrogen release from cover crops under no-tillage cropping systems. The field trial was performed during two growing seasons in summer (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) in the Cerrado region of Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in factorial arrangement. Treatments were the combination of five plants (four cover crops species, 1- Panicum maximum, 2- Brachiaria ruziziensis, 3. Brachiaria brizantha and 4. Pennisetum glaucum [millet], and fallow as a control) with six sampling times (first six weeks after application of glyphosate on the cover crops). Pennisetum glaucum and fallow showed faster straw degradation and nitrogen release. The cover crops Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha and Brachiaria ruziziensis stood out in biomass production and in the amount of nitrogen in their shoots but had the lowest coefficients of degradation and persisted longer on the soil surface than Pennisetum glaucum and fallow.

Author Biographies

  • Adriano Stephan Nascente, Embrapa Rice and Beans
    Engenheiro Agrônomo - UFG 1987/1992 Mestre Agronomia - UnB 1996/1998 Doutor Agronomia - Unesp Botucatu 2009/2012 Extensionista/ Pesquisador Emater/Emgopa 1993/2002 Pesquisador Embrapa 2002 - Atual
  • Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Campus Botucatu - SP
    Professor Titular, Dr.
  • Luis Fernando Stone, Embrapa Rice and Beans
    Pesquisador Doutor

Published

28-06-2014

Issue

Section

Agronomy