Otimização agrobiológica e econômica de feijão-caupi-cenoura consorciado sob manejo de adubação verde no semiárido

Autores

  • Francisca Karla Kelly da Silva Lino Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3319-0317
  • Francisco Bezerra Neto Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-206X
  • Elisangela Cabral dos Santos Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7074-3147
  • Vitor Abel da Silva Lino Department of Natural Resources, Faculdade de Tecnologia Centec, Quixeramobim, CE, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-7928
  • Josinaldo Lopes Araújo Rocha Center for Technology and Natural Resources, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-6114
  • Railene Hérica Carlos Rocha Araújo Center for Technology and Natural Resources, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5845-6391
  • Joaquim da Silva Assis Filho Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9387-8385
  • Sidney Alves Braga Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7420-7054

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252026v3915330rc

Palavras-chave:

Daucus carota. Vigna unguiculata. Merremia aegyptia. Calotropis procera. Receitas de culturas consorciadas.

Resumo

O manejo correto dos tipos, das quantidades de adubos verdes do bioma Caatinga e das densidades populacionais das culturas componentes tem sido um requisito para o sucesso agroecológico da prática de consórcio na região semiárida. Este estudo avaliou o consórcio de feijão-caupi e cenoura sob diferentes quantidades de biomassa de Merremia aegyptia e Calotropis procera. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, organizado em um esquema fatorial 4×4 com quatro repetições, durante dois cultivos em ambiente semiárido. Os fatores consistiram nas quantidades de adubo verde de M. aegyptia e C. procera (20, 36, 52 e 68 t ha-1, em base seca) e densidades populacionais de feijão-caupi (80, 120, 160 e 200 mil plantas ha-1). Os maiores retornos agro-bioeconômicos do consórcio feijão-caupi-cenoura foram obtidos com uma relação de equivalência de terra (RET) de 1,83, índice de eficiência produtiva (IEP) de 0,97, escore da variável canônica Z de 2,90, razão competitiva (RC) de 2,43, perda de rendimento real (PRR) de 1,71, renda bruta (RB) de R$ 165.657,79 ha-1, renda líquida (RL) de R$ 138.016,67 ha-1 e taxa de retorno (TR) de 6,64 para cada real investido nas combinações de doses de biomassa de adubos verdes e densidades populacionais de feijão-caupi de 47,12 e 156; 68,00 e 124; 48,62 e 145; 52,48 e 188; 47,93 e 150; 43,99 e 164; 38,02 e 141 e 42,56 t ha-1 e 165 mil plantas de feijão por hectare, nesta ordem.

Referências

ANDRADE FILHO, F. C. et al. Agro-economic viability from two croppings of broadleaf vegetables intercropped with beet fertilized with roostertree in different population densities. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 52: 210-224, 2020.

BEZERRA NETO, F. et al. Agro-bioeconomic feasibility of immature cowpea and beet cultivar combinations in a semi-arid environment. Revista Caatinga, 36: 70-79, 2023.

CECÍLIO FILHO, A. B. et al. Bio-agronomic efficiency indices of eggplant and tomato intercropping. Horticultura Brasileira, 40: 181-189, 2022.

CECÍLIO FILHO, A. B. et al. Chicory and arugula in intercropping with collard greens. Revista Caatinga, 34: 772-779, 2021.

CHAVES, A. P. et al. Bio-agroeconomic returns in beet-cowpea intercropping by optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements. Acta Scientiarum-Agronomy, 44: e55146, 2022.

DESRAVINES, R. P. et al. Optimized production of immature cowpea under green manuring in a semi-arid environment. Revista Caatinga, 35: 606-617, 2022.

DJIMTOINGAR, S. S. et al. Anaerobic Digestion of Calotropis procera for Biogas Production in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study of Chad. Cogent Engineering, 9: 2143042, 2022.

FREITAS, I. A. S. et al. Productivity and optimized economic efficiency of carrot roots in monocropping under green manuring. Revista Caatinga, 36: 572-584, 2023.

GUERRA, N. M. et al. Productive and agro-economic benefits in beet-lettuce intercropping under organic manuring and population densities. Research, Society and Development, 10: 1-25, 2021.

GUERRA, N. M. et al. Agro-economic viability of lettuce-beet intercropping under green manuring in the semi-arid region. Horticultura Brasileira, 40: 082-091, 2022.

JIAO, Y.; ZHANG, Q.; MIAO, F. Forage yield, competition, and economic indices of oat and common vetch intercrops in a semi-arid region. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8: 1385296, 2024.

LI, X. et al. High plant density optimizes leaf stomatal traits for accelerating the stomatal response rate at the lower cotton canopy. Crop Science, 65: e21443, 2025.

LINO, F. K. K. S. et al. Maximizing agro-bioeconomic benefits in intercropped systems of radish and lettuce in the semi-arid environment. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 27: 121-131, 2023.

LINHARES, P. C. F. et al. Roostertree (Merremia aegyptia L. Urban): Potential for use as a species. Nova Xavantina, MT: Pantanal, 2021. 96 p.

MAITRA, S. et al. Intercropping − A low input agricultural strategy for food and environmental security. Agronomy, 11: 343, 2021.

NUNES, R. L. C. et al. Biological and economic efficacy of cowpea-radish association fertilized with organic manure in diverse planting arrangements. Research, society and development, 10: e133101119298, 2021.

OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, J. F. et al. Wet and dry periods in the state of Alagoas (Northeast Brazil) via Standardized Precipitation Index. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 224: 105746, 2021.

SÁ, J. M. et al. Agro-economic efficiency in radish-arugula intercropping as a function of green manuring and population density. Research, Society and Development, 10: 1-21, 2021.

SANTOS, M. A. L et al. 2021. Crop coefficient for carrots from the perspective of different mathematical models of reference evapotranspiration. Irriga, 26: 134-150, 2021.

SANTOS, H. G. et al. Brazilian soil classification system. 6. ed. Brasília, DF: Embrapa, 2025. 393p.

SILVA, G. A. et al. Agrobio-economic return in radish–coriander intercropping under green manuring and population densities. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 45: 689-712, 2024.

SILVA, G. A. et al. Productive and monetary efficiency of radish and coriander intercropping under organic management. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 56: e202391762, 2025.

SILVA, J. N. et al. Production and benefits in carrot and vegetable cowpea associations under green manuring and spatial arrangements. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 51: e20197067, 2020.

SILVA, J. N. et al. Agro-economic indicators for carrot under green manure in a semi-arid environment. Revista Caatinga, 34: 257-265, 2021a.

SILVA, J. N. et al. Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements. Ciência Rural, 51: e20190838, 2021b.

SYSTAT SOFTWARE I. N. C. Table curve 3D Academic Edition. San Jose: Systat Software Inc, 2021.

VÁLYI-NAGY, M. et al. Competition Indices and Economic Benefits of Winter Wheat and Winter Peas in Mixed Cropping. Agronomy, 14: 786, 2024.

XING, Y.; XIE, Y.; WANG, X. 2025. Enhancing soil health through balanced fertilization: a pathway to sustainable agriculture and food security. Frontiers in Microbiology, 16: 1536524, 2025.

ZHENG, B. et al. Improving maize’s N uptake and N use efficiency by strengthening roots’ absorption capacity when intercropped with legumes. Plant Biology, 9: e11658, 2021.

Downloads

Publicado

07-10-2026

Edição

Seção

Artigo Científico