AVALIAÇÃO DE POTENCIAL PROBIÓTICO FRENTE À INFECÇÃO EXPERIMENTAL POR VÍBRIOS EM PÓS-LARVAS DE CAMARÃO MARINHO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n226rcPalavras-chave:
Litopenaeus vannamei. Bacillus cereus. Vibrioses.Resumo
Bacillus spp. têm sido utilizados contra bacterioses que acometem camarão marinho cultivado, proporcionando efeito benéfico sobre o hospedeiro, alterando a comunidade microbiana intestinal e melhorando índices zootécnicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de uma dieta suplementada com Bacillus cereus, bactéria com potencial probiótico em pós-larvas de Litopenaeus vannamei cultivados em laboratório. O experimento teve duração de quinze dias e consistiu de seis tratamentos: T1 controle; T2 somente com probiótico; T3 com Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP); T4 com probiótico e com VP; T5 com V. alginolyticus (VA); e T6 com probiótico e com VA. Foram avaliados a sobrevivência, o ganho de peso, a capacidade de colonização das bactérias probióticas, contagem de patógenos e lesões histopatológicas. Não foi verificada diferença significativa (P≥0,05) entre os tratamentos na sobrevivência. Os grupos desafiados com patógenos e sem uso de probióticos foram os que apresentaram menor ganho de peso. Na contagem de Bacillus cereus, houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) entre os tratamentos T2, T4 e T6, observando-se que o probiótico competiu melhor por espaço e nutrientes quando confrontado com V. parahaemolyticus do que com V. alginolyticus. Os animais alimentados com ração suplementada de probiótico, apresentaram contagem inferior daqueles alimentados sem o uso (P<0,05). Não foram observadas lesões histopatológicas nos órgãos e tecidos dos animais. O Bacillus cereus demonstrou uma alta capacidade de colonizar pós-larvas de camarão, causando uma diminuição significativa de patógenos, provavelmente pela secreção de substâncias antimicrobianas e/ou por exclusão competitiva, justificando seu uso como uma bactéria probiótica.Downloads
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Referências
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AGUIRRE-GUZMÁN, G. et al. Pathogenicity and infection route of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in American white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal World Aquaculture Society, Baton Roug, v. 41, n. 3, p. 464–470, 2010.
BALCÁZAR, J. L.; ROJAS-LUNA, T. Inhibitory Activity of Probiotic Bacillus subtilis UTM 126 Against Vibrio Species Confers Protection Against Vibriosis in Juvenile Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Current Microbiology, Tamilnadu, v. 55, n. 5, p. 409–412, 2007.
BALCÁZAR, J. L.; ROJAS-LUNA, T.; CUNNINGHAM, D. Effect of the addition of four potential probiotic strains on the survival of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) following immersion challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Amsterdam, v. 96, n. 2, p. 147–150, 2007.
BALCÁZAR, J. L. et al. The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary Microbiology, Amsterdam, v. 114, n. 3-4, p. 173–186, 2006.
BEHMER, O. A. et al. Manual de técnicas para histologia normal e patológica. 2. ed. Barueri, SP: Manole, 2003. 331 p.
BROCK, J. A.; MAIN, K. L. A. Guide to the Common Problems and Diseases of Cultured Penaeus vannamei. Incorporation of medications into Growout Feeds. Baton Rouge, LA: World Aquaculture Society, 1994. 242 p.
BRUNT, J.; NEWAJ-FYZUL, A.; AUSTIN, B. The development of probiotics for the control of multiple bacterial diseases of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Journal Fish Diseases, Oxford, v. 30, n. 10, p. 573–579, 2007.
BOYD, C. E. Water quality in ponds for aquaculture. Alabama: Auburn University, 1990. 482 p.
BUGLIONE, M. et al. Avaliação de bacterina e Lactobacillus plantarum frente à infecção experimental por Vibrio harveyi em pós-larvas de Litopenaeus vannamei. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, São Paulo, v. 45, Sup., p. 40-45, 2008.
BULLER, N. Bacteria from fish and other aquatic animals: A practical Identification Manual. Wallinford, UK: CABI Publishion Manual, 2004. 384 p.
CUTTING, S. M. Bacillus probiotics. Food Microbiology, Amsterdam, v. 28, n. 2, p. 214-220, 2011.
CHABRILLÓN, M. et al. Interactions of microorganisms isolated from gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L., on Vibrio harveyi, a pathogen of farmed Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup). Journal Fish Diseases, Oxford, v. 28, n. 9, p. 531–537, 2005.
GUO, J. J. et al. Selection of probiotic bacteria for use in shrimp larviculture. Aquaculture Research, Hoboken, v. 40, n. 5, p. 609-618, 2009.
HONG, H. A.; DUC, L. H.; CUTTING, S. M. The use of bacterial spore formers as probiotics. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Delft, v. 29, n. 4, p. 813–835, 2005.
HUMASON, G. L. Animal tissue techniques. 3. ed. San Francisco, CA: W.H. Freeman and Co, 1972. 641 p.
LIU, K. F. et al. Effects of the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20, on the survival, development, stress tolerance, and immune status of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 28, n. 5-6, p. 837-844, 2010.
LUIS-VILLASEÑOR, I. E. et al. Beneficial effects of four Bacillus strains on the larval cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 321, n. 1-2, p. 136–144, 2011.
MERCIER, L. et al. Metabolic and immune responses in Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to a repeated handling stress. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 258, n. 1-4, p. 633-640, 2006.
MUGNIER, A. et al. Biological, physiological, immunological and nutritional assessment of farm-reared Litopenaeus stylirostris shrimp affected or unaffected by vibriosis. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 388–391, s/n., p. 105–114, 2013.
NAVINCHANDRAN, M. et al. Influence of probiotic bacterium Bacillus cereus isolated from the gut of wild shrimp Penaeus monodon in turn as a potent growth promoter and immune enhancer in P. monodon. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 38-45, 2014.
NEWAJ-FYZUL, A.; AL-HARBI, A. H.; AUSTIN, B. B. Review: Developments in the use of probiotics for disease control in aquaculture. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 431, s/n., p. 1–11, 2014.
NIMRAT, S.; BOONTHAI, T.; VUTHIPHANDCHAI, V. Effects of probiotic forms, compositions of and mode of probiotic administration on rearing of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larvae and post larvae. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdam, v. 169, n. 3-4, p. 244–258, 2011.
RICE, E. W. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 22. ed., Washington, D. C.: American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation., 2012. 1496 p.
SOTO-RODRIGUEZ, S. A. et al. Field and Experimental Evidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as the Causative Agent of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease of Cultured Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Northwestern Mexico. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, London, v. 81, n. 5, p. 1689-1699, 2015.
THUY, H. T. T.; NGA, L. P.; LOAN, T. T. C. Antibiotic contaminants in coastal wetlands from Vietnamese shrimp farming. Environmental science and pollution research international, Berlinn, v. 18, n. 6, p. 835–841, 2011.
VERSCHUERE, L. et al. W. Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture. Microbiology Molecular Biology Reviews, Washington, v. 64, n. 4, p. 655-671, 2000.
VIEIRA, F. N. et al. Lactic-acid bacteria increase the survival of marine shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after infection with Vibrio harveyi. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, São Paulo, v. 55, n. 4, p. 251-255, 2007.
ZOKAEIFAR, H. et al. Administration of Bacillus subtilis strains in the rearing water enhances the water quality, growth performance, immune response, and resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection in juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 68-74, 2014.
AGUIRRE-GUZMÁN, G. et al. Pathogenicity and infection route of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in American white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal World Aquaculture Society, Baton Roug, v. 41, n. 3, p. 464–470, 2010.
BALCÁZAR, J. L.; ROJAS-LUNA, T. Inhibitory Activity of Probiotic Bacillus subtilis UTM 126 Against Vibrio Species Confers Protection Against Vibriosis in Juvenile Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Current Microbiology, Tamilnadu, v. 55, n. 5, p. 409–412, 2007.
BALCÁZAR, J. L.; ROJAS-LUNA, T.; CUNNINGHAM, D. Effect of the addition of four potential probiotic strains on the survival of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) following immersion challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Amsterdam, v. 96, n. 2, p. 147–150, 2007.
BALCÁZAR, J. L. et al. The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary Microbiology, Amsterdam, v. 114, n. 3-4, p. 173–186, 2006.
BEHMER, O. A. et al. Manual de técnicas para histologia normal e patológica. 2. ed. Barueri, SP: Manole, 2003. 331 p.
BROCK, J. A.; MAIN, K. L. A. Guide to the Common Problems and Diseases of Cultured Penaeus vannamei. Incorporation of medications into Growout Feeds. Baton Rouge, LA: World Aquaculture Society, 1994. 242 p.
BRUNT, J.; NEWAJ-FYZUL, A.; AUSTIN, B. The development of probiotics for the control of multiple bacterial diseases of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Journal Fish Diseases, Oxford, v. 30, n. 10, p. 573–579, 2007.
BOYD, C. E. Water quality in ponds for aquaculture. Alabama: Auburn University, 1990. 482 p.
BUGLIONE, M. et al. Avaliação de bacterina e Lactobacillus plantarum frente à infecção experimental por Vibrio harveyi em pós-larvas de Litopenaeus vannamei. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, São Paulo, v. 45, Sup., p. 40-45, 2008.
BULLER, N. Bacteria from fish and other aquatic animals: A practical Identification Manual. Wallinford, UK: CABI Publishion Manual, 2004. 384 p.
CUTTING, S. M. Bacillus probiotics. Food Microbiology, Amsterdam, v. 28, n. 2, p. 214-220, 2011.
CHABRILLÓN, M. et al. Interactions of microorganisms isolated from gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L., on Vibrio harveyi, a pathogen of farmed Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup). Journal Fish Diseases, Oxford, v. 28, n. 9, p. 531–537, 2005.
GUO, J. J. et al. Selection of probiotic bacteria for use in shrimp larviculture. Aquaculture Research, Hoboken, v. 40, n. 5, p. 609-618, 2009.
HONG, H. A.; DUC, L. H.; CUTTING, S. M. The use of bacterial spore formers as probiotics. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Delft, v. 29, n. 4, p. 813–835, 2005.
HUMASON, G. L. Animal tissue techniques. 3. ed. San Francisco, CA: W.H. Freeman and Co, 1972. 641 p.
LIU, K. F. et al. Effects of the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20, on the survival, development, stress tolerance, and immune status of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 28, n. 5-6, p. 837-844, 2010.
LUIS-VILLASEÑOR, I. E. et al. Beneficial effects of four Bacillus strains on the larval cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 321, n. 1-2, p. 136–144, 2011.
MERCIER, L. et al. Metabolic and immune responses in Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to a repeated handling stress. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 258, n. 1-4, p. 633-640, 2006.
MUGNIER, A. et al. Biological, physiological, immunological and nutritional assessment of farm-reared Litopenaeus stylirostris shrimp affected or unaffected by vibriosis. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 388–391, s/n., p. 105–114, 2013.
NAVINCHANDRAN, M. et al. Influence of probiotic bacterium Bacillus cereus isolated from the gut of wild shrimp Penaeus monodon in turn as a potent growth promoter and immune enhancer in P. monodon. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 38-45, 2014.
NEWAJ-FYZUL, A.; AL-HARBI, A. H.; AUSTIN, B. B. Review: Developments in the use of probiotics for disease control in aquaculture. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 431, s/n., p. 1–11, 2014.
NIMRAT, S.; BOONTHAI, T.; VUTHIPHANDCHAI, V. Effects of probiotic forms, compositions of and mode of probiotic administration on rearing of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larvae and post larvae. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdam, v. 169, n. 3-4, p. 244–258, 2011.
RICE, E. W. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 22. ed., Washington, D. C.: American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation., 2012. 1496 p.
SOTO-RODRIGUEZ, S. A. et al. Field and Experimental Evidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as the Causative Agent of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease of Cultured Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Northwestern Mexico. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, London, v. 81, n. 5, p. 1689-1699, 2015.
THUY, H. T. T.; NGA, L. P.; LOAN, T. T. C. Antibiotic contaminants in coastal wetlands from Vietnamese shrimp farming. Environmental science and pollution research international, Berlinn, v. 18, n. 6, p. 835–841, 2011.
VERSCHUERE, L. et al. W. Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture. Microbiology Molecular Biology Reviews, Washington, v. 64, n. 4, p. 655-671, 2000.
VIEIRA, F. N. et al. Lactic-acid bacteria increase the survival of marine shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after infection with Vibrio harveyi. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography, São Paulo, v. 55, n. 4, p. 251-255, 2007.
ZOKAEIFAR, H. et al. Administration of Bacillus subtilis strains in the rearing water enhances the water quality, growth performance, immune response, and resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection in juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 68-74, 2014.
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Publicado
06-04-2018
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Engenharia de Pesca
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