In vitro salt stress in Physalis angulata: morphophysiological and biochemical aspects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252026v3915114rcKeywords:
Cutleaf Groundcherry. NaCl. Proline.Abstract
Salt stress, prevalent in arid and semi-arid regions, triggers agricultural problems that impair plant growth and development. Physalis angulata belongs to the Solanaceae family, which includes plants moderately sensitive to salinity. In vitro cultivation serves as a viable alternative for assessing responses to salt stress, as it allows control of environmental conditions. Given this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of salt stress on the growth, chlorophyll indices and biochemical parameters of P. angulata grown in vitro. Seedlings of P. angulata were germinated on half-strength MS medium; ten days later, the seedlings were transferred to medium of the same composition supplemented with NaCl at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM. Morphological, physiological and biochemical analyses were conducted after three cultivation periods: 10, 20, and 30 days. The results demonstrate that salt stress compromises the growth and cell homeostasis of P. angulata. The survival of all plants throughout the cultivation period suggests that the species has some capacity to survive under saline conditions, albeit with a significant reduction in morphophysiological variables, particularly in treatments with higher salinity levels and longer exposure times. Biochemical analyses revealed significant differences among treatments in reducing sugars, total soluble sugars, proteins, and amino acids; notably, proline accumulation increased in proportion to stress intensity, indicating its role as a biochemical marker of stress.
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