PERMANENCE OF WATER EFFECTIVENESS IN THE ROOT ZONE OF THE CAATINGA BIOME

Authors

  • Carlos Alexandre Gomes Costa Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
  • José Carlos de Araújo Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
  • José Wellington Batista Lopes Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
  • Everton Alves Rodrigues Pinheiro Doctorate student, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n320rc

Keywords:

Wilting point. Soil. Semiarid environment.

Abstract

Soil is an important water compartment into a watershed scale, mainly due to its role in providing water to plants and to the influence of antecedent moisture on the runoff initiation. The aim of this research is to assess the permanence of water effectiveness in the soil under preserved-vegetation constraints in the Caatinga biome, in the semiarid northeastern Brazil. For this purpose, hourly soil moisture measurements were collected with TDR and analyzed between 2003 and 2010 for three soil-vegetation associations in the Aiuaba Experimental Basin. The results showed that in nine months per year soil moisture was below wilting point for two associations, whose soils are Chromic Luvisol and Haplic Lixisol (Abruptic). In the third association, where the shallow soil Lithic Leptosol prevails, water was found non-effective four months per year. A possible reason for the high water permanence in the shallowest soil is the percolation process, generating sub-surface flow, which barely occurs in the deeper soils. In situ observations indicates that the long period of soil moisture below the wilting point was not enough to avoid the blooming season of the Caatinga vegetation during the rainy periods. Indeed, after the beginning of each rainy season, there is a growth of dense green vegetation, regardless of the long period under water shortage.

Author Biographies

  • Carlos Alexandre Gomes Costa, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
    Professor Doutor do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Atualmente ministro aulas das disciplinas de Hidráulica e de Manejo de Bacias Hidrográficas
  • José Carlos de Araújo, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
    Professor Doutor do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Atualmente ministra aulas das disciplinas de Hidráulica, de Hidrologia, de Modelagem Hidrológica, de Erosão e Transporte de Sedimentos
  • José Wellington Batista Lopes, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE
    Doutorando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Desenvolve pesquisas na área de Manejo e Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Semiárido
  • Everton Alves Rodrigues Pinheiro, Doctorate student, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP
    Atualmente é doutorando em Ciências (Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícolas) pela ESALQ/USP.

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Published

20-07-2016

Issue

Section

Agricultural Engineering