MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY

Authors

  • João Pedro Alves de Aquino Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
  • Antônio Aécio de Carvalho Bezerra Department of Agricultural Policy and Planning, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
  • Francisco de Alcântara Neto Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
  • Carlos José Gonçalves de Sousa Lima Department of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
  • Raylson Rodrigues de Sousa Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n421rc

Keywords:

Vigna unguiculata. Saline stress. Plant growth.

Abstract

Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.

Author Biographies

  • João Pedro Alves de Aquino, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
    Mestre em Agronomia - Produção vegetal
  • Antônio Aécio de Carvalho Bezerra, Department of Agricultural Policy and Planning, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
    Engenheiro Agrônomo. Mestre em Genética e melhoramento de plantas. Doutor em Fitotecnia. Centro de Ciência Agrárias. Departamento de Planejamento e Política Agrícola
  • Francisco de Alcântara Neto, Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
    Engenheiro Agrônomo. Mestres e Doutor em Fitotecnia. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Fitotecnia.
  • Carlos José Gonçalves de Sousa Lima, Department of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
    Engenheiro Agrônomo. Mestres e Doutor em Irrigação e drenagem. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola e Solos.
  • Raylson Rodrigues de Sousa, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI
    Engenheiro Agrônomo. Mestrando em Agronomia - Produção vegetal

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Published

14-06-2017

Issue

Section

Agricultural Engineering