FARELO DE GIRASSOL E ENZIMAS EXÓGENAS EM RAÇÕES INICIAIS PARA FRANGOS DE CORTE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n425rcPalavras-chave:
Desempenho. Alimento alternativo. Morfometria intestinal. Qualidade nutricional.Resumo
Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de farelo de girassol (FG) e suplementação de complexo multienzimático em rações iniciais para frangos de corte sobre o desempenho, morfometria intestinal e características de carcaça. Ao todo, 1100 pintos machos de um dia de idade foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 (com e sem a suplementação do complexo multienzimático e cinco níveis de inclusão de FG - 0, 4, 8, 12 e 16%), com cinco repetições por unidade experimental. As dietas experimentais foram fornecidas até os 21 dias e posteriormente todas as aves receberam a mesma dieta até os 42 dias, a fim de avaliar possíveis efeitos residuais dos tratamentos. A inclusão de FG prejudicou o desempenho de 1 a 21 dias de idade sendo que os animais que receberam FG durante a fase inicial falharam em recuperar os efeitos negativos nos parâmetros de desempenho. A inclusão de enzimas nas dietas melhorou a morfometria intestinal sendo mais efetiva sobre os parâmetros de desempenho do que as dietas que não haviam sido suplementadas, independente do nível de inclusão do FG. O rendimento de carcaça e o rendimento dos cortes, asas e perna, foram significativamente afetados pela suplementação multienzimática. Em conclusão, a inclusão de FG prejudicou as variáveis de desempenho e morfometria intestinal sem afetar o rendimento de carcaça. No entanto, a adição do complexo multienzimático recuperou os efeitos negativos sobre o desempenho e morfometria intestinal.Downloads
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Referências
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CHOCT, M. Enzymes for the feed industry: past, present and future. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 1, p. 5-16, 2006.
DE KEYSER, K. et al. High dosing NSP enzymes for total protein and digestible amino acid reformulation in a wheat/corn/soybean meal diet in broilers. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 25, n. 2, p. 239-246, 2016.
GEYRA, A., UNI, Z., SKLAN, D. The effect of fasting at different ages on growth and tissue dynamics in the small intestine of the young chick. British Journal of Nutrition, Edinburg, v. 86, n. 1, p. 53-61, 2001.
KOCHER, A. et al. The effects of enzyme addition to broiler diets containing high concentrations of canola or sunflower meal. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 79, n. 12, p. 1767–1774, 2000.
LUNA, L. G. Manual of the histologic staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology. 3.ed. New York : McGraw Hill Book, 1968. 258 p.
MALATHI, V.; DEVEGOWDA, G. In vitro evaluation of nonstarch polyssacharide digestibility of feed ingredients by enzymes. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 80, n. 3, p. 302-305, 2001.
MATEOS, G. G. et al. Poultry response to high level of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 1, p. 156-174, 2012.
MEHRI, M. et al. Effects of b-Mannanase on broiler performance, gut morphology and immune system. African Journal of Biotechnology, Nairobi, v. 9, n. 37, p. 6221-6228, 2010.
MOGHADDAM, H. N. et al. Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 2, p. 293-304, 2012.
MONTAGNE, L.; PLUSKE, J. R.; HAMPSON, D. J. A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 108, n. 1-4, p. 95-117, 2003.
MUSHTAQ, T. et al. Influence of sunflower meal based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility and carcass response of broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 149, n. 3-4, p. 275–286, 2009.
OLIVEIRA, T. M. M. et al. Sunflower meal for broilers: chemical composition and metodologics amendments on determination of energetic values and digestible aminoacids. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 35, n. 6, p. 3415-3428, 2014.
RAMA RAO, S. V. et al. Sunflower seed meal as a substitute for soybean meal in comercial broiler chicken diets. British Poultry Science, London, v. 47, n. 5, p. 592-598, 2006.
RAVINDRAN, V. Feed enzymes: The science, practice, and metabolic realities. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 22, n. 3, p. 628-636, 2013.
RAZA, S. et al. Effect of enzyme supplemented high fibre sunflower meal on performance of broilers. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, Dacca, v. 41, n. 1, p. 57-60, 2009.
ROSTAGNO, H. S. et al. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 3. ed. Viçosa, MG: UFV, DZO, 2011. 252 p.
SAEG. Statistical Analysis System and Genetics – SAEG. Stat. Version 8.0. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 1997.
SELVARAJ, R. K.; PURUSHOTHAMAN, M. R. Nutritive value of full-fat sunflower seeds in broiler diets. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 83, n. 3, p. 441-446, 2004.
SENKOYLU, N.; DALE, N. Nutritional evaluation of a high-oil sunflower meal in broiler starter diets. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 15, n. 1, p. 40-47, 2006.
SUNDU, B.; KUMAR, A.; DINGLE, J. Palm kernel meal in broiler diets: effect on chicken performance and health. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 2, p. 316-325, 2006.
TAVERNARI, F. C. et al. Inclusion of sunflower meal, with or without enzyme supplementation, in broiler diets. Brazilian Journal Poultry Science, Campinas, v. 10, n. 4, p. 233-238, 2008.
WALSH, M. C. et al. Controlling Salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids: Part II. Effects on intestinal histology and active nutrient transport. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 8, p. 2599-2608, 2012.
YAMAUCHI, K. Review of chicken intestinal villus histological alterations related with intestinal function. The Journal of Poultry Science, Tsubuka, v.39, n. 4, p. 229-242, 2002.
CHOCT, M. Enzymes for the feed industry: past, present and future. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 1, p. 5-16, 2006.
DE KEYSER, K. et al. High dosing NSP enzymes for total protein and digestible amino acid reformulation in a wheat/corn/soybean meal diet in broilers. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 25, n. 2, p. 239-246, 2016.
GEYRA, A., UNI, Z., SKLAN, D. The effect of fasting at different ages on growth and tissue dynamics in the small intestine of the young chick. British Journal of Nutrition, Edinburg, v. 86, n. 1, p. 53-61, 2001.
KOCHER, A. et al. The effects of enzyme addition to broiler diets containing high concentrations of canola or sunflower meal. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 79, n. 12, p. 1767–1774, 2000.
LUNA, L. G. Manual of the histologic staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology. 3.ed. New York : McGraw Hill Book, 1968. 258 p.
MALATHI, V.; DEVEGOWDA, G. In vitro evaluation of nonstarch polyssacharide digestibility of feed ingredients by enzymes. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 80, n. 3, p. 302-305, 2001.
MATEOS, G. G. et al. Poultry response to high level of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 1, p. 156-174, 2012.
MEHRI, M. et al. Effects of b-Mannanase on broiler performance, gut morphology and immune system. African Journal of Biotechnology, Nairobi, v. 9, n. 37, p. 6221-6228, 2010.
MOGHADDAM, H. N. et al. Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 2, p. 293-304, 2012.
MONTAGNE, L.; PLUSKE, J. R.; HAMPSON, D. J. A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 108, n. 1-4, p. 95-117, 2003.
MUSHTAQ, T. et al. Influence of sunflower meal based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility and carcass response of broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 149, n. 3-4, p. 275–286, 2009.
OLIVEIRA, T. M. M. et al. Sunflower meal for broilers: chemical composition and metodologics amendments on determination of energetic values and digestible aminoacids. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 35, n. 6, p. 3415-3428, 2014.
RAMA RAO, S. V. et al. Sunflower seed meal as a substitute for soybean meal in comercial broiler chicken diets. British Poultry Science, London, v. 47, n. 5, p. 592-598, 2006.
RAVINDRAN, V. Feed enzymes: The science, practice, and metabolic realities. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 22, n. 3, p. 628-636, 2013.
RAZA, S. et al. Effect of enzyme supplemented high fibre sunflower meal on performance of broilers. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, Dacca, v. 41, n. 1, p. 57-60, 2009.
ROSTAGNO, H. S. et al. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 3. ed. Viçosa, MG: UFV, DZO, 2011. 252 p.
SAEG. Statistical Analysis System and Genetics – SAEG. Stat. Version 8.0. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 1997.
SELVARAJ, R. K.; PURUSHOTHAMAN, M. R. Nutritive value of full-fat sunflower seeds in broiler diets. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 83, n. 3, p. 441-446, 2004.
SENKOYLU, N.; DALE, N. Nutritional evaluation of a high-oil sunflower meal in broiler starter diets. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 15, n. 1, p. 40-47, 2006.
SUNDU, B.; KUMAR, A.; DINGLE, J. Palm kernel meal in broiler diets: effect on chicken performance and health. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 2, p. 316-325, 2006.
TAVERNARI, F. C. et al. Inclusion of sunflower meal, with or without enzyme supplementation, in broiler diets. Brazilian Journal Poultry Science, Campinas, v. 10, n. 4, p. 233-238, 2008.
WALSH, M. C. et al. Controlling Salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids: Part II. Effects on intestinal histology and active nutrient transport. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 8, p. 2599-2608, 2012.
YAMAUCHI, K. Review of chicken intestinal villus histological alterations related with intestinal function. The Journal of Poultry Science, Tsubuka, v.39, n. 4, p. 229-242, 2002.
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13-09-2016
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