SUNFLOWER MEAL AND EXOGENOUS ENZYMES IN INITIAL DIETS FOR BROILERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n425rcKeywords:
Alternative food. Intestinal morphometry. Nutritional quality. Performance.Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of sunflower meal (SFM) and the supplementation of a multienzyme complex in the initial diets of broilers on their performance, intestinal morphometry and carcass characteristics. In all, 1100 1-d-old male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with 2 x 5 factorial arrangement (with and without a multienzyme supplement and five levels of SFM inclusion - 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16%), and five replications per experimental unit. The experimental diets were provided until the chickens were 21-d-old and thereafter all birds received the same diet up to 42 d, to evaluate the possible residual effects of treatments. The SFM inclusion impaired performance from 1 to 21 d of age and the animals that received SFM during the initial phase, failed to recover from the negative effects on performance parameters. The multienzyme supplement improved the intestinal morphometry and was more effective than non-supplemented diets on performance, independent of the SFM inclusion level. The carcass and cuts yield of the wings and leg were significantly affected by the multienzyme supplementation. In conclusion, the SFM inclusion impaired performance variables and intestinal morphometry without affecting carcass yield; however, the supplementation of an enzyme complex counteracted the negative performance and intestinal morphometry effects.Downloads
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References
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CHOCT, M. Enzymes for the feed industry: past, present and future. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 1, p. 5-16, 2006.
DE KEYSER, K. et al. High dosing NSP enzymes for total protein and digestible amino acid reformulation in a wheat/corn/soybean meal diet in broilers. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 25, n. 2, p. 239-246, 2016.
GEYRA, A., UNI, Z., SKLAN, D. The effect of fasting at different ages on growth and tissue dynamics in the small intestine of the young chick. British Journal of Nutrition, Edinburg, v. 86, n. 1, p. 53-61, 2001.
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MATEOS, G. G. et al. Poultry response to high level of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 1, p. 156-174, 2012.
MEHRI, M. et al. Effects of b-Mannanase on broiler performance, gut morphology and immune system. African Journal of Biotechnology, Nairobi, v. 9, n. 37, p. 6221-6228, 2010.
MOGHADDAM, H. N. et al. Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 2, p. 293-304, 2012.
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MUSHTAQ, T. et al. Influence of sunflower meal based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility and carcass response of broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 149, n. 3-4, p. 275–286, 2009.
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RAZA, S. et al. Effect of enzyme supplemented high fibre sunflower meal on performance of broilers. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, Dacca, v. 41, n. 1, p. 57-60, 2009.
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SELVARAJ, R. K.; PURUSHOTHAMAN, M. R. Nutritive value of full-fat sunflower seeds in broiler diets. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 83, n. 3, p. 441-446, 2004.
SENKOYLU, N.; DALE, N. Nutritional evaluation of a high-oil sunflower meal in broiler starter diets. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 15, n. 1, p. 40-47, 2006.
SUNDU, B.; KUMAR, A.; DINGLE, J. Palm kernel meal in broiler diets: effect on chicken performance and health. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 2, p. 316-325, 2006.
TAVERNARI, F. C. et al. Inclusion of sunflower meal, with or without enzyme supplementation, in broiler diets. Brazilian Journal Poultry Science, Campinas, v. 10, n. 4, p. 233-238, 2008.
WALSH, M. C. et al. Controlling Salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids: Part II. Effects on intestinal histology and active nutrient transport. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 8, p. 2599-2608, 2012.
YAMAUCHI, K. Review of chicken intestinal villus histological alterations related with intestinal function. The Journal of Poultry Science, Tsubuka, v.39, n. 4, p. 229-242, 2002.
CHOCT, M. Enzymes for the feed industry: past, present and future. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 1, p. 5-16, 2006.
DE KEYSER, K. et al. High dosing NSP enzymes for total protein and digestible amino acid reformulation in a wheat/corn/soybean meal diet in broilers. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 25, n. 2, p. 239-246, 2016.
GEYRA, A., UNI, Z., SKLAN, D. The effect of fasting at different ages on growth and tissue dynamics in the small intestine of the young chick. British Journal of Nutrition, Edinburg, v. 86, n. 1, p. 53-61, 2001.
KOCHER, A. et al. The effects of enzyme addition to broiler diets containing high concentrations of canola or sunflower meal. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 79, n. 12, p. 1767–1774, 2000.
LUNA, L. G. Manual of the histologic staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology. 3.ed. New York : McGraw Hill Book, 1968. 258 p.
MALATHI, V.; DEVEGOWDA, G. In vitro evaluation of nonstarch polyssacharide digestibility of feed ingredients by enzymes. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 80, n. 3, p. 302-305, 2001.
MATEOS, G. G. et al. Poultry response to high level of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 1, p. 156-174, 2012.
MEHRI, M. et al. Effects of b-Mannanase on broiler performance, gut morphology and immune system. African Journal of Biotechnology, Nairobi, v. 9, n. 37, p. 6221-6228, 2010.
MOGHADDAM, H. N. et al. Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 21, n. 2, p. 293-304, 2012.
MONTAGNE, L.; PLUSKE, J. R.; HAMPSON, D. J. A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 108, n. 1-4, p. 95-117, 2003.
MUSHTAQ, T. et al. Influence of sunflower meal based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility and carcass response of broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdan, v. 149, n. 3-4, p. 275–286, 2009.
OLIVEIRA, T. M. M. et al. Sunflower meal for broilers: chemical composition and metodologics amendments on determination of energetic values and digestible aminoacids. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 35, n. 6, p. 3415-3428, 2014.
RAMA RAO, S. V. et al. Sunflower seed meal as a substitute for soybean meal in comercial broiler chicken diets. British Poultry Science, London, v. 47, n. 5, p. 592-598, 2006.
RAVINDRAN, V. Feed enzymes: The science, practice, and metabolic realities. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 22, n. 3, p. 628-636, 2013.
RAZA, S. et al. Effect of enzyme supplemented high fibre sunflower meal on performance of broilers. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, Dacca, v. 41, n. 1, p. 57-60, 2009.
ROSTAGNO, H. S. et al. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 3. ed. Viçosa, MG: UFV, DZO, 2011. 252 p.
SAEG. Statistical Analysis System and Genetics – SAEG. Stat. Version 8.0. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 1997.
SELVARAJ, R. K.; PURUSHOTHAMAN, M. R. Nutritive value of full-fat sunflower seeds in broiler diets. Poultry Science, Savoy, v. 83, n. 3, p. 441-446, 2004.
SENKOYLU, N.; DALE, N. Nutritional evaluation of a high-oil sunflower meal in broiler starter diets. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Savoy, v. 15, n. 1, p. 40-47, 2006.
SUNDU, B.; KUMAR, A.; DINGLE, J. Palm kernel meal in broiler diets: effect on chicken performance and health. World’s Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge, v. 62, n. 2, p. 316-325, 2006.
TAVERNARI, F. C. et al. Inclusion of sunflower meal, with or without enzyme supplementation, in broiler diets. Brazilian Journal Poultry Science, Campinas, v. 10, n. 4, p. 233-238, 2008.
WALSH, M. C. et al. Controlling Salmonella infection in weanling pigs through water delivery of direct-fed microbials or organic acids: Part II. Effects on intestinal histology and active nutrient transport. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, v. 90, n. 8, p. 2599-2608, 2012.
YAMAUCHI, K. Review of chicken intestinal villus histological alterations related with intestinal function. The Journal of Poultry Science, Tsubuka, v.39, n. 4, p. 229-242, 2002.
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Published
13-09-2016
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