AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA E EFICÁCIA DE HERBICIDAS APLICADOS EM PRÉ-EMERGÊNCIA NO GERGELIM

Hamurábi Anizio Lins; Manoel Galdino dos Santos; Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior; Vander Mendonça; Daniel Valadão Silva; Ester dos Santos Coêlho

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n314rc

Authors

Hamurábi Anizio Lins Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4548-9108
Manoel Galdino dos Santos Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-5849
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-8245
Vander Mendonça Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-5341
Daniel Valadão Silva Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0644-2849
Ester dos Santos Coêlho Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-1937

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n314rc

Keywords:

Sesamum indicum L.. Chemical control. Production cost. Productivity. Profitability.

Abstract

The sesame crop has great economic potential due to the various possibilities of exploitation, however, there is a lack of information about the chemical control of weeds in the crop, mainly about the application of herbicides in pre-emergence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the economic viability and efficacy of herbicides applied in pre-emergence for the control of weeds in the sesame crop. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications. The treatments consisted of seven herbicides (diuron, flumioxazin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin, linuron, and S-metolachlor) and a mixture (metribuzin + oxyfluorfen) applied in pre-emergence. The two control treatments were weeded and non-weeded plots. The variables evaluated were percentage of control of the weed community, grain yield, gross and net income, rate of return, and profitability index. The highest productivity value was for weeding, followed by the herbicides diuron and flumioxazin, with 2,000.44 kg ha^-1, 1,957.35 kg ha^-1, and 1,933.13 kg ha^-1, respectively. The herbicides diuron and flumioxazin obtained the highest net income, in the amounts of R$ 7,831.26 and R$ 7,762.85, respectively. The diuron and flumioxazin applied in pre-emergence showed more than 80% in the control of weeds in the sesame crop, showing efficiency in the control. The use of herbicides applied in pre-emergence to control weeds, mainly diuron and flumioxazin, is as efficient as mechanical control, demonstrating the potential for use and economic viability in relation to mechanical control, which presents a high cost/benefit ratio.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ALVARES, C. A. et al. Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 22: 711-728, 2013.

AMARAL, J. A. B.; SILVA, M. T. Evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultivo do gergelim por manejo de irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Oleaginosas e Fibrosas, 12: 25-33, 2008.

BELTRÃO, N. E. M. et al. Adubação, cultivar e controle de plantas daninhas na cultura do gergelim. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 26: 605-611, 1991.

BELTRÃO, N. E. M. et al. O gergelim e seu cultivo no Semiárido Brasileiro. Natal, RN: IFRN, 2013, 225 p.

BHADAURIA, N.; ARORA, A.; YADAV, K. S. Effect of weed management practices on seed yield and nutrient uptake in sesame. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 44: 129-131, 2012.

CAVALCANTI, F. J. A. Recomendações de adubação para o estado de Pernambuco: 2ª aproximação. 2 ed. Recife, PE: IPA, 2008, 212 p.

CONAB - Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. Custos de produção agrícola: a metodologia da CONAB. Brasília, DF: CONAB, 2010, 60 p.

DHAKA, M. S. et al. Effect of weed management on performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under varying levels of nitrogen. Annals of Agricultural Research New Series, 34: 179-184, 2013.

FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Economics and Statistics. 2018. Available in: <http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.>. Accessed in: March 19, 2019.

FERREIRA, D. F. Sisvar: A computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35:1039-1042, 2011.

GRICHAR, W. J.; DOTRAY, P. A. Weed control and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) response to preplant incorporated herbicides and method of incorporation. Crop Protect, 26: 1826-1830, 2007.

GRICHAR, W. J.; DOTRAY, P. A.; LANGHAM, D. R. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) response to preemergence herbicides. Crop Protect, 28: 928-933, 2009.

GRICHAR, W. J.; DOTRAY, P. A.; LANGHAM, D. R. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) growth and yield as influenced by preemergence herbicides. International Journal of Agronomy, 2012: 1-7, 2012.

GRICHAR, W. J. et al. Response of sesame to selected herbicides applied early in the growing season. International Journal of Agronomy, 2018: 1-12, 2018.

GRILO JÚNIOR, J. A. S.; AZEVEDO, P. V. Crescimento, desenvolvimento e produtividade do gergelim BRS Seda na Agrovila de Canudos, em Ceará Mirim (RN). HOLOS, 2: 19-32, 2013.

IMOLOAME, E. O.; JOSHUA, S. D.; GWORGWOR, N. A. Economic assessment of some pre-emergence herbicides in the Sudan Savanna Zone of Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development, 2: 21-26, 2010.

LIMA, G. S. et al. Production characteristics of sesame genotypes under different strategies of saline water application. Revista Caatinga, 33: 490-499, 2020.

LINS, H. A. et al. Weed interference periods in sesame crop. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 43: 1-10, 2019.

LINS, H. A. et al. Effectivity and selectivity of herbicides applied in pre-emergence in the sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) crop. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo, 52: 325-336, 2020.

MAHAJAN, G.; TIMSINA, J. Effect of nitrogen rates and weed control methods on weeds abundance and yield of direct-seeded rice. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 57: 239-250, 2011.

MANE, S. V. et al. Weed Management in Sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.) Grown under Coastal Region of Maharashtra. Journal of the Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research, 35: 31-33, 2017.

NOGUEIRA, C. H. P. et al. Selectivity of bentazon and nicosulfuron in Crotalaria spectabilis intercropped with maize culture. Revista Caatinga, 32: 381-389, 2019.

QUEIROGA, V. P. et al. Technological solutions supporting the collectivity’s sustainability for the chain productive of organic sesame by piauiense farming families. Revista Brasileira de Produtos Agroindustriais, 13: 97-111, 2011.

RAHMAN, J. et al. Weed control methods in sesame. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 11: 1-6, 2017.

REGINALDO, L. T. R. T. et al. Weed interference in carrot yield in two localized irrigation systems. Revista Caatinga, 34: 119-131, 2021.

RÊGO, L. G. S. et al. Pedogenesis and soil classification of an experimental farm in Mossoró, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Revista Caatinga, 29: 1036-1042, 2016.

RIBEIRO, R. M. P. et al. Growth dynamics of sesame cultivars. Revista Caatinga, 31: 1062-1068, 2018.

SANTIAGO, A. D. et al. Efficacy and selectivity of herbicides applied in cassava pre-emergence. Revista Caatinga, 31: 640-650, 2018.

SANTOS, M. G. et al. Production performance of sesame cultivars under different nitrogen rates in two crops in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Industrial Crops and Products, 124: 1-8, 2018.

SHAH, M. A. et al. Sulphur fertilization improves the sesame productivity and economic returns under rainfed conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 15: 1301-1306, 2013.

SBCPD - Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas. Procedimentos para instalação, avaliação e análise de experimentos com herbicidas. Londrina, PR: SBCPD, 1995, 42 p.

SURIA, A. S. et al. Efficacy and economics of different herbicides in aerobic rice system. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10: 8007-8022, 2011.

VAFAEI, S.; RAZMJOO, J.; KARIMMOJENI, H. Weed control in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) using integrated soil applied herbicides and seed hydro-priming pretreatment. Journal of Agrobiology, 30: 1-8, 2013.