Parâmetros genéticos em subacessos de melão da agricultura tradicional

Clisneide Coelho de  Amorim; Manoel Abílio de Queiroz; Bárbara Laís Ramos Barbosa; Milena dos Santos Coutinho; Izaias da Silva Lima Neto

doi:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n209rc

Authors

Clisneide Coelho de Amorim Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9363-9561
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz Department of Technology and Social Sciences, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Juazeiro, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-2343
Bárbara Laís Ramos Barbosa Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8392-0982
Milena dos Santos Coutinho Department of Technology and Social Sciences, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Juazeiro, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-530X
Izaias da Silva Lima Neto Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-1102

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n209rc

Keywords:

Cucumis melo. Diversity. Heritability. Genetic gain.

Abstract

Family farming in Brazil holds a high diversity of melon germplasm, composing an important source of alleles for breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and select genotypes from a population of melon sub-accessions from different botanical varieties grown by family farmers, based on morphological parameters. Two experiments were conducted, one in 2019 and another in 2020, in a complete randomized block design, with three replications and five plants per plot, using 27 melon sub-accessions (generation S₂) from family farmers, and a commercial variety. Nine quantitative descriptors were evaluated. Assumptions of ANOVA were tested, followed by individual and joint analyses of variance. Significant differences were found among sub-accessions for all descriptors evaluated, with heritabilities higher than 83% and significant genotype-environment interactions for 88.8% of the characteristics evaluated. Thus, genetic variability was found among sub-accessions, with predominance of genetic effects over environmental effects, denoting the possibility to obtain genetic gains by the improvement of several characteristics of agronomic interest. The sub-accessions BGMEL66.0, BGMEL111.0, and BGMEL112.0 are recommended for inclusion in breeding programs focused on obtaining good prolificacy and small fruits with high soluble solid contents. BGMEL sub-accessions (108.3 and 108.5) can generate progenies with high prolificacy, and sub-accessions of the variety momordica can be used for generation of progenies focused on shortening the crop cycle and increasing fruit size.

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