Comportamento reprodutivo e requerimento térmico de pitaias no extremo norte da amazônia

Railin Rodrigues de Oliveira; Pollyana Cardoso Chagas; Vander Mendonça; Edvan Alves  Chagas; Beatriz Emanuela Pereira da Cruz; Marcos Vinicius da Costa Ericeira; Elias Ariel de Moura; Herison Athan da Silva Leitão

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812512rc

Authors

Railin Rodrigues de Oliveira Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-6601
Pollyana Cardoso Chagas Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-9335
Vander Mendonça Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-5341
Edvan Alves Chagas Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Colombo, PR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8604-7819
Beatriz Emanuela Pereira da Cruz Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-3936
Marcos Vinicius da Costa Ericeira Department of Crop Science, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1629-2963
Elias Ariel de Moura Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1459-1310
Herison Athan da Silva Leitão Department of Crop Science, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4906-0951

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812512rc

Keywords:

Amazon. BBCH Scale. Degree-days. Phenophases. Hylocereus polyrhizus L.. Selenicereus costaricensis L..

Abstract

The objective of this work was to assess the reproductive phenology and thermal requirements of two dragon fruit species grown under the climate conditions of northern Amazon. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil, during two production cycles (2020-2021 and 2021-2022). Two dragon fruit species were used: Hylocereus costaricensis, which produces cylindrical fruits with a red skin and purple pulp; and Hylocereus polyrhizus, which produces elongated fruits with red skin and pulp. Ten plants of each species were selected and divided into four quadrants; ten cladodes were selected per quadrant and two flower buds were selected per cladode, totaling 800 flowers for each species. The plants were monitored from the beginning of flower bud intumescence until fruit harvest. Phenological periods were evaluated from production pruning to fruit harvest, based on the phenological stage descriptions of the Biologische Bundesanstalt Bundessortenamt and Chemical Industry (BBCH) scale. Climate conditions affected the species over the years, mainly due to variations in air temperature preceding phenophases. Variations between years increased the production cycle in 20 days for H. costaricensis and 34 days for H. polyrhizus from the first (2020-2021) to the second (2021-2022) production year. Organoleptic properties of species showed excellent results, including soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS to TA ratio. Complete physiological maturity of H. costaricensis and H. polyrhizus fruits occurred at 31 and 38 days after anthesis, respectively, when the fruits presented an intense red skin and pulp.

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