Effects of sowing date and fungicide application schemes on soybean rust severity and grain yield

Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum; Lara Line Pereira de Souza; Andre Freire Cruz; Nédio Rodrigo Tormen

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812566rc

Authors

Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum Biology Institute, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-6615
Lara Line Pereira de Souza Secretaria de Agricultura, Brasília, DF, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9568-1252
Andre Freire Cruz Graduate School of Life and Environmetal Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-2742
Nédio Rodrigo Tormen Phytus Institute Brazil, Formosa, GO, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1905-4901

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812566rc

Keywords:

Glycine max. Triazole. Strobilurin. Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Sowing time.

Abstract

Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of the most significant diseases affecting soybean (Glycine max) crops, where the growers usually use scheduled fungicide applications to control ASR. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different sowing times and fungicide application schemes on ASR severity and grain yield. The study was conducted at the Phytus Institute's experimental farm in Planaltina, DF, Brazil, during the 2014-2015 season, using the soybean cultivar M 6952 IPRO (Intacta). An experimental design with the following sowing dates were done: November 16, November 28, December 11, and December 18 in 2014; and January 2 and January 6 in 2015. The fungicide application schemes were as follow: (T1) no fungicide; (T2) scheduled application with the first application at 15 to 25 days after emergence (DAE); (T3) application based on soybean phenological stages; (T4) scheduled application based on DAE with seven-day delay relative to T2; and (T5) application based on phenological stage with a seven-day delay relative to T3. The following fungicides were applied: trifloxystrobin (60 g ha^-1) + prothioconazole (70 g ha^-1) and trifloxystrobin (75 g ha^-1) + cyproconazole (32 g ha^-1). Early sowing at the beginning of the rainy season, combined with protective fungicide applications based on soybean phenological stages, resulted in lower ASR severity and higher grain yield. Late sowing, no fungicide application, or delayed fungicide applications increased ASR severity and reduced grain yield.

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