Reaction of two melon hybrids to Macrophomina phaseolina and M. pseudophaseolina

Gilmara Vitória Soares Moreira; Moises Bento Tavares; Allinny Luzia Alves Cavalcante; Cynthia Patrícia de Sousa Santos Alves; Rui Sales Júnior; Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros; Marcio Thalison de Queiroz Souza; Washington Luís da Silva

doi:10.1590/1983-21252025v3812875rc

Authors

Gilmara Vitória Soares Moreira Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0219-1421
Moises Bento Tavares Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-4138
Allinny Luzia Alves Cavalcante Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-878X
Cynthia Patrícia de Sousa Santos Alves Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3657-5565
Rui Sales Júnior Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-0649
Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-2527
Marcio Thalison de Queiroz Souza Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8157-9816
Washington Luís da Silva Department of Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, United States https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-286X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812875rc

Keywords:

Cucumis melo. Disease severity. Incidence. Root pathogen.

Abstract

Macrophomina phaseolina is a major phytopathogen linked to root rot and vine decline in melon plants in northeastern Brazil. Managing this pathogen is difficult due to its polyphagous nature and adaptation to the semi-arid conditions of the region. In this study, we inoculated 10 isolates each of M. phaseolina (Ph) and M. pseudophaseolina (Ps) onto two melon hybrids, 'Beloro' and ‘Natal RZ’, to assess their pathogenicity. Sixty days post-planting, we measured disease incidence (INC) and severity (SEV), shoot (SL) and root length (RL), fresh shoot and root weight (FSW and FRW), and dry shoot and root weight (DSW and DRW). The hybrid 'Beloro' exhibited a 100% INC across all tested isolates. The ‘Natal RZ’ hybrid showed INC ranging from 14.3 to 100.0%, with the Ph-A6P5 and Ps-A10P16 isolates causing no disease (INC and SEV of 0.0). Average SEV indicated that Ph isolates were more aggressive, causing severe damage to both 'Beloro' (4.58) and ‘Natal RZ’ (3.18), compared to Ps isolates, which showed lower severity scores in 'Beloro' (2.56) and ‘Natal RZ’ (0.70). Given the limited information on the pathogenicity of Ps in melon, further research is essential to determine the infectious potential of this fungus.

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