TEMPO DE COLHEITA COMO MODULADOR DE FITOQUÍMICOS EM CULTIVARES DE BATATA DOCE PARA A INDÚSTRIA

Valécia Nogueira Santos e Silva; Kelem Silva Fonseca; Sarah Alencar de Sá; Jheizon Feitoza do Nascimento Souza; Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior; Adriano do Nascimento Simões

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n423rc

Authors

Valécia Nogueira Santos e Silva Department of Plant Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8657-9126
Kelem Silva Fonseca Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7136-8748
Sarah Alencar de Sá Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-1842
Jheizon Feitoza do Nascimento Souza Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5545
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior Department of Plant Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-8245
Adriano do Nascimento Simões Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-2621

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n423rc

Keywords:

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Browning. Carotenoids. Phenolic compounds.

Abstract

As a fresh food, sweet potatoes are highlighted for their taste and appearance. In the industry, they are valued for their starch and sugar content. In both scenarios, much attention has been given to the composition of bioactive compounds. The application of abiotic stresses seems to induce an overproduction of these compounds in some vegetables. The objective was to examine the influence of harvest time on the synthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds in varieties of minimally processed sweet potatoes with different flesh colors. Sweet potato cultivars (Beterraba, Jerimum, Mãe de Família Roxa, and BRS Cuia) were harvested at 120, 150, and 180 days after planting, then subjected to minimal processing and stored at 5 ºC for 10 days. The most recommended time for harvesting sweet potatoes in semi-arid conditions for minimal processing by the industry is between 150 and 180 days. This is the period when the sweet potatoes exhibit the best quality for fresh consumption, as detected in ‘Mãe de Família Roxa’ and ‘Jerimum’. ‘BRS Cuia’ harvested at 120 days showed the highest phenolic compound levels, the highest polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activities, and the most intense browning symptoms. In addition to its starch content, it can be used as a raw material for the extraction of phenolic compounds of interest. ‘Beterraba’ showed low sugar values, rendering them unfavorable for fresh consumption or minimal processing. However, this cultivar also exhibited a high content of carotenoids, making them bio-factories for the food and pharmaceutical industries.

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