MARINE SHRIMP CULTIVATED AT DIFFERENT DENSITIES AND FEEDING REGIMENS IN OLIGOHALINE WATERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252016v29n321rcKeywords:
Litopenaeus vannamei. Low salinity. Semiarid.Abstract
The cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei has increased in inland areas by using low salinity waters. Cultivation techniques in coastal waters are well developed, however, studies for low salinity conditions are needed, especially regarding the ideal ionic composition of water and its effects on the zootechnical indices. Brazil has adopted this strategy and the semiarid region showed great potential due to its favorable climate and water conditions. Thus, experimental cultivations were conducted in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco, in order to evaluate the influence of two feeding strategies (with and without feeding) and three cultivation densities (5, 10 and 15 shrimps m-2), on the production variables of this species. Three ponds of 280 m2 were built, in which six nursery nets of 20 m2 were installed. The cultivation was performed with juvenile shrimps of 8.53 g and lasted 50 days. The animals were fed twice a day with commercial feed containing 25% of crude protein. The water quality (salinity ~1.0 g L-1, temperature ~28.09°C, pH ~8.48) and the shrimp growth were monitored with weekly biometry during the cultivation. A significant difference was found only in the treatment without feeding with 15 shrimps m-2, the average final weight of all treatments ranged from 13.16±1.33 g to 15.50±1.66 g. The survival rates were high in the treatments with feeding and its variation between treatments was 60.56±6.76% and 83.00±4.00%.Downloads
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References
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VALENZUELA, W.; RODRÍGUEZ, G.; H. ESPARZA. Cultivo intensivo de camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) en agua de pozo de baja salinidad como alternativa acuícola para zonas de alta marginación. Revista Ra Ximhai, Mochicahui, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2010.
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YE, L. et al. Effects of salinity on growth and energy budget of juvenile Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 290, n. 1-2, p. 140–144. 2009.
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ZHU C, et al. Effects of Na ⁄ K ratio in seawater on growth and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 234, n. 1-4, p. 485–496, 2004.
ANGULO, J. A.; MEJÍA, A.; ENGEL, R. Cultivo experimental de camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei en el valle del Mezquital, Panorama Acuícola, Hidalgo, v. 10, p. 10-15, 2005.
BOYD, C. E.; THUNJAI, T.; BOONYARATPALIN, M. Dissolved salts in waters for inland low salinity shrimp culture. Global Aquaculture Advocate. St. Louis, v. 5, n. 3, p. 40-45, 2002.
CAMPOS, S. S. et al. Natural food evaluation and water quality in zero water exchange culture of Litopenaeus vannamei fertilized with wheat bran. Aquaculture International, Amsterdam, v. 17, n. 2, p. 113-124, 2009.
COSTA, M. R.; CIRILO, J.A. Análise do Potencial de Uso das Águas Subterrâneas nas Bacias da Região Semi-árida. In: Congresso Brasileiro de Águas Subterrâneas e Encontro Nacional de Perfuradores de Poços, 16., 17., 2010, São Luis. Anais... São Luis: ABAS, 2010. p. 1-13.
CPRM, Projeto Cadastro de Fontes de Abastecimento por Água Subterrânea, Pernambuco. out. 2005.
CUZON, G. et al. Nutrition of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in tanks or in ponds. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 235, n. 1, p. 513-551, 2004.
DAVIS, D. A.; BOYD, C. E.; ROUSE, D. B. Effects of potassium, magnesium and age on growth and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei post-larvae reared in inland low salinity well waters in West Alabama. Journal of World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, v. 36, n. 3, p. 416-419, 2005.
ESPARZA-LEAL H. M. et al. The effect of low salinity water with different ionic composition on the growth and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in intensive culture. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, v. 21, n. 4, p. 215–227, 2009.
FAO. Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit. FishStat Plus: Universal software for fishery statistical time series. Version 2.3. Rome, 2014. Disponível em: <http://www.fao.org/fi/statist/FISOFT/FISHPLUS.asp>. Acesso em: 27 julho 2014.
FREITAS, P. D.; CALGARO, M. R.; GALETTI JR, P. M. Genetic diversity within and between broodstocks of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) (Decapoda, Penaeidae) and its implication for the gene pool conservation. Brazilian Journal of Biology, São Carlos, v. 67, n. 4, p. 939-943, 2007.
GODÍNEZ-SIORDIA, D. E.; CHÁVEZ-SÁNCHEZ, M. C.; GÓMEZ-JIMÉNEZ, S. Acuicultura epicontinental del camarón blanco del pacífico, Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931). Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, Mérida, v. 14, n. 1, p. 55-62, 2011.
MARISCAL-LAGARDA, M. M.; ESQUER-MÉNDES, J. L.; PÁEZ-OSUNA, F. Shrimp study uses low-salinity groundwater in Sonora, Mexico. Global Aquaculture Advocate, St. Louis, v. 13, n. 3, p. 42-43, 2010.
MARISCAL-LAGARDA, M. M. et al. Integrated culture of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and tomato (Lycopersion esculentum Mill) with low salinity groundwater: Management and production. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 366-367, n. 5, p. 76-84, 2012.
MENDES, P. P.; MENDES, E. S.; BEZERRA, A. M. Análise estatística dos parâmetros aquícolas, com fins a otimização da produção. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia (Suplemento especial), Viçosa, v. 35, p. 886–903, 2006.
MIRANDA, I. et al. Cultivo del camarón marino (BOONE, 1931) em agua dulce. Revista Cientifica, São Paulo, v. 20, n. 4, p. 339-346, 2010.
NUNES, A. J. P.; PARSONS G. J. Effects of the Southern brown shrimp, Penaeus subtilis, predation and artificial feeding on the population dynamics of bentic polychaetes in tropical pond enclosures. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 183, n. 1-2, p. 125-147, 2000.
ROY, L. A.; DAVIS, D. A.; WHITIS, G. N. Effect of feeding rate and pond primary productivity on growth of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in inland saline waters of West Alabama, North American Journal of Aquaculture, London, v. 74, n. 1, p. 20-26, 2012
SPANGHERO, D. B. N. et al. Utilização de modelos estatísticos para avaliar dados de produção do camarão Litopenaeus vannamei cultivados em águas oligohalina e salgada. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, Maringá, v. 30, p. 451-458, 2008
TIDWELL, J. H. et al. Relative prawn production and benthic macro-invertebrate densities in unfed, organically fertilized, and fed pond systems. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 149, n. 3-4, p. 227-242, 1997.
VALENZUELA, W.; RODRÍGUEZ, G.; H. ESPARZA. Cultivo intensivo de camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) en agua de pozo de baja salinidad como alternativa acuícola para zonas de alta marginación. Revista Ra Ximhai, Mochicahui, v. 6, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2010.
VAN WYK, P.; SCARPA, J. Water quality requirement and management. In: VAN WYK, J. et al. Farming Marine Shrimp in Recirculating Freshwater Systems, Florida: Harbor branch Oceanographic Institution, 1999. cap. 8, p. 141-162.
YE, L. et al. Effects of salinity on growth and energy budget of juvenile Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 290, n. 1-2, p. 140–144. 2009.
ZAR, J. H. Biostatistical Analysis. 5. ed. Upper Sadle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice-Hall, 2010. 944 p.
ZHU C, et al. Effects of Na ⁄ K ratio in seawater on growth and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 234, n. 1-4, p. 485–496, 2004.
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20-07-2016
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