EFFECT OF Fusarium graminearum Schwabe ON PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS AND WHEAT CARYOPSIS IN ARGENTINA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252015v28n301rcKeywords:
X-Ray. Tetrazolium. Germination. Electric conductivity. Pampean region.Abstract
F. graminearum is the main causal agent of Head blight in cereals in Argentina. This is a disease that develops during the host floral state. When the reproductive structures in the host are invaded, grains may be shriveled and reduced in weight, causing a decrease in yield. Physiological diagnostic techniques on seeds detect the damages produced by this fungus could be used to take decisions related to the quality of seed lots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible physiological damage caused by F. graminearum isolates in soybean seeds and wheat caryopsis. Seeds and caryopsis were obtained from plants exposed to fungal infection and were evaluated under two situations: artificial inoculations under greenhouse conditions and natural infection from fields of Santa Fe Province (33°43’22’’S; 62°14’46’’W). Seed weight, topographical tetrazolium test, standard germination test, electrical conductivity test and X-ray test were performed in soybean seeds and wheat caryopsis from each treatment. Differential behaviors of F. graminearum strains in susceptible soybean and wheat cultivars under greenhouse conditions revealed specific interactions among soybean and wheat genotypes with this fungus. F. graminearum infection in susceptible cultivars under greenhouse conditions produced a significant decrease in the physiological quality of soybean seed and wheat caryopsis. These behaviors were not detected under field conditions in the evaluated locations. All seed quality tests used in this experiment were useful to show differences in infection in soybean and wheat independently of F. graminearum infection.Downloads
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References
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BOENISCH, M. J., SCHÄFER, W. Fusarium graminearum forms mycotoxin producing infection structures on wheat. Plant Biology, Malden, v. 11, p. 1-13, 2011.
BROWN, N. A. et al.The infection biology of Fusarium graminearum: Defining the pathways of spikelet to spikelet colonisation in wheat ears. Fungal Biology, Philadelphia, v. 114, n. 7, p. 555-571, 2010.
CRAVIOTTO, R.; ARANGO PEREARNEAU, M.; GALLO, C. Prueba topográfica por tetrazolio en Soja. Rosario (Rosario): Análisis de Semillas, 2008. 96 p. (Suplemento especial Nº 1).
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RAMIREZ, M. L. et al.Vegetative compatibility and mycotoxin chemotypes among Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) isolates from wheat in Argentina. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 115, n. 2, p. 139-148, 2006.
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TEKLE, S.; SKINNES, H.; BJØRNSTAD, Å. The germination problem of oat seed lots affected by Fusarium head blight. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 135, n. 1, p. 147–158, 2012.
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WANJIRU, W. M.; ZHENSHENG, K.; BUCHENAUER, H. Importance of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium graminearum during infection of wheat heads. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 108, n. 8, p. 803-810, 2002.
YANG, F., SVENSSON, B., FINNIE, C. Response of germinating barley seeds to Fusarium graminearum: The first molecular insight into Fusarium seedling blight. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Heidelberg, v. 49, n.11, p. 1362-1368, 2011.
ZHOU, W., KOLB, F. L., RIECHERS, D. E. Identification of proteins induced or upregulated by Fusarium head blight infection in the spikes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). Genome, Ottawa, v. 48, n. 5, p. 770-780, 2005.
ZORRILLA, G.; KNAPP, A. D.; MCGEE, D. C. Severity of Phomopsis Seed Decay, Seed Quality Evaluation, and Field Performance of Soybean. Crop Science, Madison, v. 34, n. 1, p. 172-177, 1994.
ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL SEED ANALYSIS. Seedling evaluation handbook. Washington (Columbia): Society of Commercial Seed Technologists, 1992. 102 p. (Contribution No. 35).
ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL SEED ANALYSIS. Tetrazolium testing handbook. Washington (Columbia): Society of Commercial Seed Technologists, 2000. 327 p. (Contribution No. 29).
BELIN, E. et al. Rate-distortion tradeoff to optimize high-throughput phenotyping systems. Application to X-ray images of seeds. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Linn, v. 77, n. 2, p. 188-194, 2011.
BOENISCH, M. J., SCHÄFER, W. Fusarium graminearum forms mycotoxin producing infection structures on wheat. Plant Biology, Malden, v. 11, p. 1-13, 2011.
BROWN, N. A. et al.The infection biology of Fusarium graminearum: Defining the pathways of spikelet to spikelet colonisation in wheat ears. Fungal Biology, Philadelphia, v. 114, n. 7, p. 555-571, 2010.
CRAVIOTTO, R.; ARANGO PEREARNEAU, M.; GALLO, C. Prueba topográfica por tetrazolio en Soja. Rosario (Rosario): Análisis de Semillas, 2008. 96 p. (Suplemento especial Nº 1).
DA ROSA, S. D. V. F. et al.The effect of storage conditions on coffee seed and seedling quality. Seed Science and Technology, Bassersdorf, v. 39, n. 1, p. 151-164, 2011.
DEL PONTE, E. M.; FERNANDES, J. M. C.; BERGSTROM, G. C. Influence of Growth Stage on Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol Production in Wheat. Journal of Phytopathology, Malden, v. 155, n. 10, p. 577-581, 2007.
GOVENDER, V.; AVELING, T. A. S.; KRITZINGER, Q. The effect of traditional storage methods on germination and vigour of maize (Zea mays L.) from northern KwaZulu-Natal and southern Mozambique. South Africa Journal of Botany, Heidelberg, v. 74, n. 2, p. 190-196, 2008.
INTERNATIONAL SEED TESTING ASSOCIATION. International Rules for Seed Testing. Bassersdorf, Zwitzerland. International Seed Testing Association Work, 2012. 362 p.
KIECANA, I. et al. Scab response and moniliformin accumulation in kernels of oat genotypes inoculated with Fusarium avenaceum in Poland. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 108, n. 3, p. 245–251, 2002.
LAZZARI, F. Rações e micotoxinas. In: SCUSSEL, V. M. (Ed.). Atualidades em micotoxinas e armazenagem de grãos I. Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 2000. v. 1, cap. 5, p. 45-92.
LEWANDOWSKI, S. M., BUSHNELL, W. R., EVANS, C. K. Distribution of mycelial colonies and lesions in field-grown barley inoculated with Fusarium graminearum. Phytopathology, St. Paul, v. 96, n. 6, p. 567-581, 2006.
LORI, G. et al. Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol contamination in the durum wheat area of Argentina. Microbiological Research, Linn, v. 158, n. 1, p. 29-35, 2003.
MOSCHINI, R.; CONTI, H.; CAZENAVE, G. Estimación de la incidencia de Fusariosis en trigo, Región pampeana. Campaña 2001. Castelar: Instituto de Clima y Agua, 2001. s. p.
PERUZZO, A.; PIOLI, R.; SALINAS, A. Relación entre infección de Fusarium graminearum y transmisión de toxinas a las semillas y harinas de trigo y soja. In: CONGRESO SOCIEDAD DE BIOLOGIA DE ROSARIO, XIV., 2012, Casilda. Anais XXXII. Rosario: Asociación Civil Sociedad de Biología de Rosario, 2012. p. 166.
PIOLI R. N., MOZZONI L., MORANDI E. N. First Report on Pathogenic Association between Fusarium graminearum and Soybean. Plant Disease, St. Paul, v. 88, n. 2, p. 220, 2004.
RAMIREZ, M. L. et al.Vegetative compatibility and mycotoxin chemotypes among Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) isolates from wheat in Argentina. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 115, n. 2, p. 139-148, 2006.
SALINAS, A. et al. Caracterización de semillas de Acacia longifolia (Andr.) Willdenow a través de variables físicas y radiográficas. Análisis de Semillas, Rosario, v. 4, n. 12. p. 88-92, 2009.
SALINAS, A. et al. Caracterización radiográfica de semillas y frutos de especies forestales autóctonas y cultivadas. Análisis de Semillas, Rosario, v. 4, n. 16, p. 73-81, 2010.
SALINAS, A. et al. X-ray: Characterization of Ginkgo biloba L. seeds using digital and manual measurements. Revista Caatinga, Mossoró, v. 25, n. 3, p. 1-7, 2012.
SCHAAFSMA, A. W., TAMBURIC-ILINCIC, L., HOOKER, D. C. Effect of previous crop, tillage, field size, adjacent crop, and sampling direction on airborne propagules of Gibberella zeae/Fusarium graminearum, fusarium head blight severity, and deoxynivalenol accumulation in winter wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, Ottawa, v. 27, n. 2, p. 217-224, 2005.
TEKLE, S.; SKINNES, H.; BJØRNSTAD, Å. The germination problem of oat seed lots affected by Fusarium head blight. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 135, n. 1, p. 147–158, 2012.
VELAZQUEZ, P. D., FORMENTO, A. N. Efecto de la fusariosis de la espiga del trigo (Fusarium graminearum y Fusarium spp.) en un cultivar susceptible. In: JORNADA REGIONAL DE CULTIVOS DE INVIERNO, Campaña 2013., 2013, Oro Verde. Anais MMXIII. Oro Verde: Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 2013. p. 45-48.
WANJIRU, W. M.; ZHENSHENG, K.; BUCHENAUER, H. Importance of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium graminearum during infection of wheat heads. European Journal of Plant Pathology, Heidelberg, v. 108, n. 8, p. 803-810, 2002.
YANG, F., SVENSSON, B., FINNIE, C. Response of germinating barley seeds to Fusarium graminearum: The first molecular insight into Fusarium seedling blight. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Heidelberg, v. 49, n.11, p. 1362-1368, 2011.
ZHOU, W., KOLB, F. L., RIECHERS, D. E. Identification of proteins induced or upregulated by Fusarium head blight infection in the spikes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). Genome, Ottawa, v. 48, n. 5, p. 770-780, 2005.
ZORRILLA, G.; KNAPP, A. D.; MCGEE, D. C. Severity of Phomopsis Seed Decay, Seed Quality Evaluation, and Field Performance of Soybean. Crop Science, Madison, v. 34, n. 1, p. 172-177, 1994.
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27-08-2015
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