VERMICOMPOST APPLICATION IMPROVING SEMIARID-GROWN CORN GREEN EAR AND GRAIN YIELDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n302rcKeywords:
Humus. Earthworm. Zea mays. Eisenia fetida. Cultivars.Abstract
Intensive corn farming quickly depletes soil organic matter in the nutrient-poor soils of the Brazilian semiarid region. Application of vermicompost, an excellent organic fertilizer, could help solve that problem. This study evaluated the effect of applying Eisenia fetida vermicompost in the seeding furrows, at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Mg.ha-1 application rates, on the green ear yield and grain yield of two corn cultivars. Treatments were replicated five times with split-plots (vermicompost application rates within plots) in a completely randomized block design. The number of mature ears, number of kernels per ear (cultivar BR 106), and 100-kernel weight (cultivar AG 1051) were not affected by vermicompost application rate. However, vermicompost application increased total number and weight of unhusked and husked marketable green ears as well as grain yield. Total number of green ears was higher in cultivar BR 106 than in cultivar AG 1051. Conversely, grain yield and total ear weight and marketable weight of unhusked and husked green ears was higher in cultivar AG 1051, but responses in the latter two traits were dose-dependent.Downloads
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References
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ARANCON, N. Q. et al. Effects of vermicomposts from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 93, n. 2, p. 139-144, 2004a.
ARANCON, N. Q.; GALVIS, P. A.; EDWARDS, C. A. Suppression of insect pest populations and damage to plants by vermicomposts. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 96, n. 10, p. 1137-1142, 2005.
ARANCON, N. Q. et al. Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 93, n. 2, p. 145-153, 2004b.
AZARMI, R.; GIGLOU, M. T.; TALESHMIKAIL, R. D. Influence of vermicompost on soil chemical and physical properties in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) field. African Journal of Biotechnology, Lagos, v. 7, n. 14, p. 2397-2401, 2008.
BARTLETT, M. S. Some examples of statistical methods of research in agriculture and applied biology. Journal of Royal Statistical Society, London, v. 4, n. 2, p. 137-183, 1937.
BAUMHARDT, R. L.; LASCANO, R. J. Rain infiltration as affected by wheat residue amount and distribution in ridged tillage. Soil Science of the Society American Journal, Madison, v. 60, n. 6, p. 1908-1913, 1996.
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CAVENDER, N. D.; ATIYEH, R. M.; KNEE, M. Vermicompost stimulates mycorrhizal colonization of roots of Sorghum bicolor at the expense of plant growth. Pedobiologia, Leipzig, v. 47, n. 1, p. 85-89, 2003.
DINESH, R. et al. Short-term incorporation of organic manures and biofertilizers influences biochemical and microbial characteristics of soils under an annual crop [Turmerci (Curcuma longa L.)]. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 101, n. 12, p. 4697-4702, 2010.
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GUTIÉRREZ-MICELI, F. A. et al. Sheep manure vermicompost supplemented with a native diazotrophic bacteria and micorrhizas for maize cultivation. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 99, n. 15, p. 7020-7026, 2008.
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LAZCANO, C. et al. Yield and fruit quality of four sweet corn hybrids (Zea mays) under conventional and integrated fertilization with vermicompost. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, New York, v. 91, n. 7, p. 1244-1253, 2011.
MANLAY, R. J.; FELLER, C.; SWIFT, M. J. Historical evolution of soil organic matter concepts and their relationships with the fertility and sustainability of cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Amsterdam, v. 119, n. 3-4, p. 217-233, 2007.
MANTOVANI, J. R. et al. Calagem e adubação com vermicomposto de lixo urbano na produção e nos teores de metais pesados em alface. Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, v. 21, n. 3, p. 494-500, 2003.
MARIN, A. M. P. et al. Efeito da Gliricidia sepium sobre nutrientes do solo, microclima e produtividade do milho em sistema agroflorestal no Agreste Paraibano. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 3, p. 555-564, 2006.
PATIL, S. L.; SHEELAVANTAR, M. N. Soil water conservation and yield of winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as influenced by tillage, organic materials and nitrogen fertilizer in semi-arid tropical India. Soil & Tillage Research, Amsterdam, v. 89, n. 2, p. 246-257, 2006.
PIMENTEL-GOMES, F. Curso de estatística experimental. 15. ed. Piracicaba, SP: FEALQ, 2009. 415 p.
RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, J. I. Análises estatísticas no SAEG. Viçosa, MG: UFV, 2001. 301 p.
SILVA, C. J. et al. Crescimento e produção de rabanete cultivado com diferentes doses de húmus de minhoca e esterco bovino. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 53, n. 305, p. 23-28, 2006.
SOUZA, C. A. S. et al. Crescimento de mudas de gravioleira (Annona muricata L.) em substrato com superfosfato simples e vermicomposto. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 25, n. 3, p. 453-456, 2003.
SUJATHA, M. G. et al. Importance of integrated nutrient management practices in maize under rainfed condition. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science, Dharwar, v. 21, n. 3, p. 334-338, 2008.
TEJADA, M; BENITEZ, C. Organic amendment based on vermicompost and compost: differences on soil properties and maize yield. Waste Management Research, Kuala Lumpur, v. 29, n. 11, p. 1185-1196, 2011.
ZALLER, J. G. Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Scientia Horticulturae, Amsterdam, v. 112, n. 2, p. 191-199, 2007.
ARANCON, N. Q.; EDWARDS, C. A.; BIERMAN, P. Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: Part 2. Effects on soil microbiological and chemical properties. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 97, n. 6, p. 831-840, 2006.
ARANCON, N. Q. et al. Effects of vermicomposts from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 93, n. 2, p. 139-144, 2004a.
ARANCON, N. Q.; GALVIS, P. A.; EDWARDS, C. A. Suppression of insect pest populations and damage to plants by vermicomposts. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 96, n. 10, p. 1137-1142, 2005.
ARANCON, N. Q. et al. Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 93, n. 2, p. 145-153, 2004b.
AZARMI, R.; GIGLOU, M. T.; TALESHMIKAIL, R. D. Influence of vermicompost on soil chemical and physical properties in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) field. African Journal of Biotechnology, Lagos, v. 7, n. 14, p. 2397-2401, 2008.
BARTLETT, M. S. Some examples of statistical methods of research in agriculture and applied biology. Journal of Royal Statistical Society, London, v. 4, n. 2, p. 137-183, 1937.
BAUMHARDT, R. L.; LASCANO, R. J. Rain infiltration as affected by wheat residue amount and distribution in ridged tillage. Soil Science of the Society American Journal, Madison, v. 60, n. 6, p. 1908-1913, 1996.
BRITO, L. U. et al. Effect of pig litter composted on growth of maize (Zea mays) and havanan pepper (Capsicum chinense) plants. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, Lucknow, v. 4, n. 4, p. 514-518, 2009.
CARMO FILHO, F.; OLIVEIRA, O. F. Mossoró: um município do semi-árido nordestino. Mossoró: ESAM, 1989. 62 p. (Coleção Mossoroense, 672).
CAVENDER, N. D.; ATIYEH, R. M.; KNEE, M. Vermicompost stimulates mycorrhizal colonization of roots of Sorghum bicolor at the expense of plant growth. Pedobiologia, Leipzig, v. 47, n. 1, p. 85-89, 2003.
DINESH, R. et al. Short-term incorporation of organic manures and biofertilizers influences biochemical and microbial characteristics of soils under an annual crop [Turmerci (Curcuma longa L.)]. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 101, n. 12, p. 4697-4702, 2010.
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA – EMBRAPA. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Solo. Manual de análises químicas de solos, plantas e fertilizantes. Brasília, DF: EMBRAPA, 1999. 370 p.
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA - EMBRAPA. Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. 2. ed. Brasília, DF: Embrapa SPI, 2006. 412 p.
EYHERAGUIBEL, B.; SILVESTRE, J.; MORARD, P. Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 99, n. 10, p. 4206-4212, 2008.
GUTIÉRREZ-MICELI, F. A. et al. Sheep manure vermicompost supplemented with a native diazotrophic bacteria and micorrhizas for maize cultivation. Bioresource Technology, Amsterdam, v. 99, n. 15, p. 7020-7026, 2008.
JANDEL. Jandel TBLCURVE. Table Curve 3.0. Curve fitting software. Corte Madera: Jandel Scientific, 1992. 280 p.
LAZCANO, C.; DOMÍNGUEZ, J. The use of vermicompost in sustainable agriculture: impact on plant growth and soil fertility. In: MIRANSARI, M. (Ed.). Soil nutrients. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011. chap. 10, p. 211-234.
LAZCANO, C. et al. Yield and fruit quality of four sweet corn hybrids (Zea mays) under conventional and integrated fertilization with vermicompost. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, New York, v. 91, n. 7, p. 1244-1253, 2011.
MANLAY, R. J.; FELLER, C.; SWIFT, M. J. Historical evolution of soil organic matter concepts and their relationships with the fertility and sustainability of cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Amsterdam, v. 119, n. 3-4, p. 217-233, 2007.
MANTOVANI, J. R. et al. Calagem e adubação com vermicomposto de lixo urbano na produção e nos teores de metais pesados em alface. Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, v. 21, n. 3, p. 494-500, 2003.
MARIN, A. M. P. et al. Efeito da Gliricidia sepium sobre nutrientes do solo, microclima e produtividade do milho em sistema agroflorestal no Agreste Paraibano. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 3, p. 555-564, 2006.
PATIL, S. L.; SHEELAVANTAR, M. N. Soil water conservation and yield of winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as influenced by tillage, organic materials and nitrogen fertilizer in semi-arid tropical India. Soil & Tillage Research, Amsterdam, v. 89, n. 2, p. 246-257, 2006.
PIMENTEL-GOMES, F. Curso de estatística experimental. 15. ed. Piracicaba, SP: FEALQ, 2009. 415 p.
RIBEIRO JÚNIOR, J. I. Análises estatísticas no SAEG. Viçosa, MG: UFV, 2001. 301 p.
SILVA, C. J. et al. Crescimento e produção de rabanete cultivado com diferentes doses de húmus de minhoca e esterco bovino. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 53, n. 305, p. 23-28, 2006.
SOUZA, C. A. S. et al. Crescimento de mudas de gravioleira (Annona muricata L.) em substrato com superfosfato simples e vermicomposto. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 25, n. 3, p. 453-456, 2003.
SUJATHA, M. G. et al. Importance of integrated nutrient management practices in maize under rainfed condition. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science, Dharwar, v. 21, n. 3, p. 334-338, 2008.
TEJADA, M; BENITEZ, C. Organic amendment based on vermicompost and compost: differences on soil properties and maize yield. Waste Management Research, Kuala Lumpur, v. 29, n. 11, p. 1185-1196, 2011.
ZALLER, J. G. Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Scientia Horticulturae, Amsterdam, v. 112, n. 2, p. 191-199, 2007.
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21-03-2017
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