WATER BALANCE IN SOIL CULTIVATED WITH FORAGE CACTUS CLONES UNDER IRRIGATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n326rcKeywords:
Evapotranspiration. CAM plants. Opuntia spp.. Nopalea sp..Abstract
Forage cactus species may belong to different genera (such as Opuntia and Nopalea), which can result in different water dynamics at the biosphere–atmosphere interface. The objective of this study was to analyze the water balance in soil cultivated with forage cactus clones under different conditions of soil water availability in the Brazilian semi-arid. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco. The crop was subjected to nine treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a factorial arrangement of 3x3. The plots were composed of three water availability conditions, with the application of a water depth of 7.5 mm at intervals of 7, 14, and 28 days, and the subplots consisted of three forage cactus clones (IPA Sertânia, Miúda, and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana). The soil water balance (SWB) method was applied, and the ET/ETo ratio was estimated (ET is the actual crop evapotranspiration, and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration) at intervals of 14 days; the results were represented in nine periods of 28 days. There was a difference between SWB components along the cycle and between irrigation conditions (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, ET and rainfall were the most important components in SWB when irrigation was performed. There was no difference in water consumption between forage cactus clones belonging to different genera, resulting in an average of 1.50 mm day-1. The ET/ETo ratio had low magnitude (0.29 ± 0.12), indicating that the ET was more dependent on the water regime than on the atmospheric demand.Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
ALLEN, R. G. et al. Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. Rome: FAO, 1998. 301 p.
ARAÚJO PRIMO, J. T. et al. Calibração de sondas capacitivas, funções físico-hídricas e variação do armazenamento de água em um argissolo cultivado com palma forrageira. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 62, n. 1, p. 20-29, 2015.
CASTELLANOS, M. T. et al. Impact of nitrogen uptake on field water balance in fertirrigated melon. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 120, n. 1, p. 56-63, 2013.
CHILUNDO, M. et al. Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 168, n. 1, p. 68-77, 2016.
CONSOLI, S.; INGLESE, G.; INGLESE, P. Determination of evapotranspiration and annual biomass productivity of a cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. (Mill.) orchard in a semi-arid environment. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Amsterdam, v. 139, n. 8, p. 680-690, 2013.
DUBROVSKY, J. G.; NORTH G. B.; NOBEL, P. S. Root growth, developmental changes in the apex, and hydraulic conductivity for Opuntia ficus-indica during drought. New Phytology, Amsterdam, v. 138, n. 1, p. 75-82, 1998.
GHIBERTO, P. J et al. Components of the water balance in soil with sugarcane crops. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 102, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2011.
HAN, H.; FELKER, P. Field validation of water-use efficiency of the CAM plant Opuntia ellisiana in south Texas. Journal of Arid Environments, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 133-148, 1997.
HERNÁNDEZ, A. F. et al. Yield and physiological traits of prickly pear cactus ‘nopal’ (Opuntia spp.) cultivars under drip irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 70, n. 1, p. 97-107, 2004.
HOWELL, T. A. et al. Evapotranspiration, water productivity and crop coefficients for irrigated sunflower in the U.S. Southern High Plains. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 162, n. 1, p. 33-46, 2015.
KIREMIT, M. S.; ARSLAN, H. Effects of irrigation water salinity on drainage water salinity, evapotranspiration and other leek (Allium porrum L.) plant parameters. Scientia Horticulturae, Amsterdam, v. 201, n. 1, p. 211-217, 2016.
KRESOVIĆ, B. et al. Grain yield and water use efficiency of maize as influenced by different irrigation regimes through sprinkler irrigation under temperate climate. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 169, n. 1, p. 34-43, 2016.
LIBARDI, P. L. Dinâmica da água no solo. São Paulo, SP: EDUSP - Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. 335 p.
OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, S. et al. Crescimento vegetativo da palma forrageira (Opuntia fícus-indica) em função do espaçamento no semiárido paraibano. Tecnologia & Ciência Agropecuária, João Pessoa, v. 3, n. 1, p. 7-12, 2009.
OLIVEIRA, A. S. C. et al. A palma forrageira: alternativa para o semi-árido. Revista Verde, Mossoró, v. 6, n. 3, p. 49-58, 2011.
QUEIROZ, M. G. et al. Características morfofisiológicas e produtividade da palma forrageira sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 19, n. 10, p. 931-938, 2015.
SCALISI, A. et al. Cladode growth dynamics in Opuntia ficus-indica under drought. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Amsterdam, v. 122, n. 1, p. 158-167, 2016.
SILVA, T. G. F. et al. Indicadores de eficiência do uso da água e de nutrientes de clones de palma forrageira em condições de sequeiro no Semiárido brasileiro. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 73, n. 2, p. 184-191, 2014.
SILVA, T. G. F. et al. Soil water dynamics and evapotranspiration of forage cactus clones under rainfed conditions. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 50, n. 7, p. 515-525, 2015.
SNYMAN, H. A. Root distribution with changes in distance and depth of two-year-old cactus pears Opuntia ficus-indica and O. robusta plants. South African Journal of Botany, Amsterdam, v. 72, n. 3, p. 434-441, 2006.
SOUZA, C. et al. Balanço hídrico da cultura da mamona sob condições de sequeiro. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 17, n. 1, p. 3-10, 2013.
TARI, A. F. The effects of different deficit irrigation strategies on yield, quality, and water-use efficiencies of wheat under semi-arid conditions. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 167, n. 1, p. 1-10, 2016.
WARD, P. R. et al. Soil water balance with cover crops and conservation agriculture in a Mediterranean climate. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 132, n. 1, p. 33-39, 2012.
ARAÚJO PRIMO, J. T. et al. Calibração de sondas capacitivas, funções físico-hídricas e variação do armazenamento de água em um argissolo cultivado com palma forrageira. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 62, n. 1, p. 20-29, 2015.
CASTELLANOS, M. T. et al. Impact of nitrogen uptake on field water balance in fertirrigated melon. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 120, n. 1, p. 56-63, 2013.
CHILUNDO, M. et al. Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 168, n. 1, p. 68-77, 2016.
CONSOLI, S.; INGLESE, G.; INGLESE, P. Determination of evapotranspiration and annual biomass productivity of a cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. (Mill.) orchard in a semi-arid environment. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Amsterdam, v. 139, n. 8, p. 680-690, 2013.
DUBROVSKY, J. G.; NORTH G. B.; NOBEL, P. S. Root growth, developmental changes in the apex, and hydraulic conductivity for Opuntia ficus-indica during drought. New Phytology, Amsterdam, v. 138, n. 1, p. 75-82, 1998.
GHIBERTO, P. J et al. Components of the water balance in soil with sugarcane crops. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 102, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2011.
HAN, H.; FELKER, P. Field validation of water-use efficiency of the CAM plant Opuntia ellisiana in south Texas. Journal of Arid Environments, Amsterdam, v. 36, n. 1, p. 133-148, 1997.
HERNÁNDEZ, A. F. et al. Yield and physiological traits of prickly pear cactus ‘nopal’ (Opuntia spp.) cultivars under drip irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 70, n. 1, p. 97-107, 2004.
HOWELL, T. A. et al. Evapotranspiration, water productivity and crop coefficients for irrigated sunflower in the U.S. Southern High Plains. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 162, n. 1, p. 33-46, 2015.
KIREMIT, M. S.; ARSLAN, H. Effects of irrigation water salinity on drainage water salinity, evapotranspiration and other leek (Allium porrum L.) plant parameters. Scientia Horticulturae, Amsterdam, v. 201, n. 1, p. 211-217, 2016.
KRESOVIĆ, B. et al. Grain yield and water use efficiency of maize as influenced by different irrigation regimes through sprinkler irrigation under temperate climate. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 169, n. 1, p. 34-43, 2016.
LIBARDI, P. L. Dinâmica da água no solo. São Paulo, SP: EDUSP - Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. 335 p.
OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, S. et al. Crescimento vegetativo da palma forrageira (Opuntia fícus-indica) em função do espaçamento no semiárido paraibano. Tecnologia & Ciência Agropecuária, João Pessoa, v. 3, n. 1, p. 7-12, 2009.
OLIVEIRA, A. S. C. et al. A palma forrageira: alternativa para o semi-árido. Revista Verde, Mossoró, v. 6, n. 3, p. 49-58, 2011.
QUEIROZ, M. G. et al. Características morfofisiológicas e produtividade da palma forrageira sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 19, n. 10, p. 931-938, 2015.
SCALISI, A. et al. Cladode growth dynamics in Opuntia ficus-indica under drought. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Amsterdam, v. 122, n. 1, p. 158-167, 2016.
SILVA, T. G. F. et al. Indicadores de eficiência do uso da água e de nutrientes de clones de palma forrageira em condições de sequeiro no Semiárido brasileiro. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 73, n. 2, p. 184-191, 2014.
SILVA, T. G. F. et al. Soil water dynamics and evapotranspiration of forage cactus clones under rainfed conditions. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 50, n. 7, p. 515-525, 2015.
SNYMAN, H. A. Root distribution with changes in distance and depth of two-year-old cactus pears Opuntia ficus-indica and O. robusta plants. South African Journal of Botany, Amsterdam, v. 72, n. 3, p. 434-441, 2006.
SOUZA, C. et al. Balanço hídrico da cultura da mamona sob condições de sequeiro. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 17, n. 1, p. 3-10, 2013.
TARI, A. F. The effects of different deficit irrigation strategies on yield, quality, and water-use efficiencies of wheat under semi-arid conditions. Agricultural Water Management, Amsterdam, v. 167, n. 1, p. 1-10, 2016.
WARD, P. R. et al. Soil water balance with cover crops and conservation agriculture in a Mediterranean climate. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 132, n. 1, p. 33-39, 2012.
Downloads
Published
21-03-2017
Issue
Section
Zootechnics
License
Os Autores que publicam na Revista Caatinga concordam com os seguintes termos:
a) Os Autores mantêm os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons do tipo atribuição CC-BY, para todo o conteúdo do periódico, exceto onde estiver identificado, que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista, sem fins comerciais.
b) Os Autores têm autorização para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
c) Os Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
