SELECTION OF Plutella xylostella (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE) TO CHLORFENAPYR RESISTANCE: HERITABILITY AND THE NUMBER OF GENES INVOLVED
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n428rcKeywords:
Genetics. Resistance management. Evolution of resistance. Toxicity.Abstract
The Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a worldwide pest of Brassicaceae. Resistance has evolved against various insecticides including chlorfenapyr one of the most recently registered molecules to control this pest. The failure of chlorfenapyr to control this pest could be related to resistance in P. xylostella in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil), but there is currently no information on its heritability. Here, we estimated the heritability of resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr and the number of genes involved in the resistance in a field-derived population (PxClf-SEL). A field population was selected in the laboratory with increasing doses of chlorfenapyr (for five generations), and the LC50s were estimated for every generation using the leaf dip bioassay. The selection increased resistance to chlorfenapyr in the PxClf-SEL as the LC50 shifted from 27.6 (F1) to 256.5 (F5) mg chlorfenapyr/L. As a result, the resistance ratio (RR) increased from 33-fold (F1) to 310-fold (F5). The heritability of resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr was 0.90 (h2), and the number of generations needed for a 10-fold increase in the resistance to chlorfenapyr was 5.20 (G). Other methods have shown different numbers of genes (0.64 and 1.88) involved in resistance of P. xylostella to chlorfenapyr. There was sufficient variation regarding resistance in the field population to account for a high realized heritability influenced mainly by additive genetic factors. Therefore, there is a high risk of chlorfenapyr resistance in the field.Downloads
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References
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ASSIÉ, L. K. et al. Response and genetic analysis of malathion-specific resistant Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in relation to population density. Journal Stored Products Research, Manhattan, v. 43, n. 1, p. 33-44, 2007.
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SAYYED, A. H.; WRIGHT, D. J. Genetics and evidence for an esterase-associated mechanism of resistance to indoxacarb in a field population of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Pest Managment Science, New York, v. 62, n. 11, p. 1045-1051, 2006.
SILVA, J. E. et al. Baseline susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole of Brazilian populations of Plutella xylostella. Crop Protection, Kidlington, v. 35, n. 2, p. 97-101, 2012.
TALEKAR, N. S.; SHELTON, A. M. Biology, Ecology, and Management of the Diamondback Moth. Annual Review Entomology, Stanford, v. 38, n. 2, p. 275-301, 1993.
ULLAH, S.; SHAH, R. M.; SHAD, S. A. Genetics, realized heritability and possible mechanism of chlorfenapyr resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, San Diego, v. 133, n. 1, p. 91-96, 2016.
YAN, H. H. et al. Flubendiamide resistance and Bi-PASA detection of ryanodine receptor G4946E mutation in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, San Diego, v. 115, n. 1, p. 73-77, 2014.
ZALUCKI, M. P. et al. Estimating the economic cost of one of the world’s major insect pests, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): just how long is a piece of string? Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 105, n. 4, p. 1115-1129, 2012.
ASSIÉ, L. K. et al. Response and genetic analysis of malathion-specific resistant Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in relation to population density. Journal Stored Products Research, Manhattan, v. 43, n. 1, p. 33-44, 2007.
BALASUBRAMANI, V.; SAYYED, A. H.; CRICKMORE, N. Genetic characterization of resistance to deltamethrin in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) from India. Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 101, n. 6, p. 1911-1918, 2008.
BARROS, R.; VENDRAMIM, J. D. Efeito de cultivares de repolho, utilizadas para criação de Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), no desenvolvimento de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, Londrina, v. 28, n. 3, p. 469-476, 1999.
BROOKFIELD, J. F. Y. Heritability. Current Biology. Lane, v. 22, n. 3, p. 217-219, 2012.
CAMPOS, M. R. et al. Spinosad and the tomato borer Tuta absoluta: a bioinsecticide, an invasive pest threat, and high insecticide resistance. Plos One, San Francisco, v. 9, n. 8, p. 1-12, 2014.
FALCONER, D. S.; MACKAY, T. F. C. Introduction to quantitative genetics. 4. ed. Longman Green, London: University of Edinburgh, 1996. 480 p.
FINNEY, D. J. Probit Analysis: a statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. 3. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971. 333 p.
FURLONG, M. J.; WRIGHT, D. J.; DOSDALL, L. M. Diamondback moth ecology and management: problems, progress, and prospects. Annual Review Entomology, Stanford, v. 58, n. 4, p. 517-54, 2013.
GONG, W. et al. Chlorantraniliprole resistance in the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 107, n. 2, p. 806-814, 2014.
JALLOW, M. F. A.; HOY, C. W. Quantitative genetics of adult behavioral response and larval physiological tolerance to permethrin in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 99, n. 4, p. 1388-1395, 2006.
LANDE, R. The minimum number of gene contributing to quantitative variation between and within populations. Genetics, Orlando, v. 99, n. 3, p. 541-553, 1981.
LIMA NETO et al. Resistance monitoring of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to risk-reduced insecticides and cross resistance to spinetoram. Phytoparasitica, Bet Dagan, v. 44, n. 5, p. 631-640, 2016.
LIU, X. et al. Resistance selection and characterization of chlorantraniliprole resistance in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 108, n. 4, p. 1978-1985, 2015.
NEHARE, S. et al. Inheritance of resistance and cross resistance pattern in indoxacarb-resistant diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. Entomological Research, Malden, v. 40, n. 1, p. 18-25, 2010.
RAGHAVENDRA, K. et al. Evaluation of the pyrrole insecticide chlorfenapyr for the control of Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Acta Tropica, Miami, v. 118, n. 1, p. 50-55, 2011.
RAYMOND, M.; PASTEUR, N.; GEOGHIOU, G. P. Inheritance of chlorpyriphos in Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) and estimation of number of genes involved. Heredity, Wales, v. 58, n. 3, p. 351-356, 1987.
RIBEIRO, L. M. S. et al. Fitness costs associated with field-evolved resistance to chlorantraniliprole in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Bulletin of Entomological Researsh, London, v. 104, n. 2, p. 88-96, 2014.
ROBERTSON, J. L. et al. Bioassays with arthropods. 2. ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2007. 224 p.
SAYYED, A. H. et al. Genetic and biochemical approach for characterization of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in a field population of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Washington, v. 66, n. 4, p. 1509-1516, 2000.
SAYYED, A. H. et al. Cross-resistance between a Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxin and non-Bt insecticides in the diamondback moth. Pest Managment Science, New York, v. 64, n. 8, p. 813-819, 2008.
SAYYED, A. H.; AHMAD, M.; SALEEM, M. A. Cross-resistance and genetics of resistance to indoxacarb in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 101, n. 2, p. 472-479, 2008.
SAYYED, A. H.; WRIGHT, D. J. Genetics and evidence for an esterase-associated mechanism of resistance to indoxacarb in a field population of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Pest Managment Science, New York, v. 62, n. 11, p. 1045-1051, 2006.
SILVA, J. E. et al. Baseline susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole of Brazilian populations of Plutella xylostella. Crop Protection, Kidlington, v. 35, n. 2, p. 97-101, 2012.
TALEKAR, N. S.; SHELTON, A. M. Biology, Ecology, and Management of the Diamondback Moth. Annual Review Entomology, Stanford, v. 38, n. 2, p. 275-301, 1993.
ULLAH, S.; SHAH, R. M.; SHAD, S. A. Genetics, realized heritability and possible mechanism of chlorfenapyr resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, San Diego, v. 133, n. 1, p. 91-96, 2016.
YAN, H. H. et al. Flubendiamide resistance and Bi-PASA detection of ryanodine receptor G4946E mutation in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, San Diego, v. 115, n. 1, p. 73-77, 2014.
ZALUCKI, M. P. et al. Estimating the economic cost of one of the world’s major insect pests, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): just how long is a piece of string? Journal of Economic Entomology, Lanham, v. 105, n. 4, p. 1115-1129, 2012.
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