COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO FEEDING RATES AND THREE FEEDING FREQUENCIES FOR HYBRID SURUBIMS REARED IN CAGES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n327rcKeywords:
Feed management. Nocturnal feeding. Pseudoplatystoma corruscans. Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum.Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of feeding frequency and feeding rate on productive performance of hybrid surubims reared in cages with automatic feeding. Three feeding frequencies (6, 12 and 24 meals day-1), and two feeding rates (4% and 8% of body weight per day, BW day-1) were evaluated. Hybrid surubims (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans × Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) with average weights of 24.20 ± 0.80 g were distributed in 18 cages of 1.0 m³ at a density of 60 fish m-3. Fish were fed commercial ration containing 40% crude protein, and feeding took place at night using automatic feeders. The study lasted 47 days. With a feeding rate of 4% BW day-1, the final weight (FW) of the surubims was higher when feed was supplied as 24 meals day-1 (66.92 g). However, using 8% BW day-1, the FW was greater with a feeding frequency of 12 meals day-1 (106.90 g). Regardless of feed frequency, the values of daily weight gain and standard length of surubims were higher with the feeding rate of 8% BW day-1. Therefore, the feeding rate of 8% BW day-1, provided in 12 meals day-1, provided better productive performance for hybrid surubims (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans × Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) reared in cages.Downloads
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References
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STOREBAKKEN, T. et al. Estimation of gastrointestinal evacuation rate in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using inert markers and collection of faeces by sieving: evacuation of diets with fish meal, soybean meal or bacterial meal. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 172, n. 3-4, p. 291-299, 1999.
TRUSHENSKI, J. et al. Feeding rate and frequency affect growth of juvenile Atlantic spadefish. North American Journal of Aquaculture, Maryland, v. 74, n. 1, p. 107-112, 2012.
TUCKER, C. S.; ROBINSON, E. H. Channel catfish farming handbook. New York: AVI Books/Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991. 454 p.
TÜRKER, A.; YILDIRIM, O. The effect of feeding frequency on growth performance and body composition in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in cold seawater. African Journal of Biotechnology, Kenya, v. 10, n. 46, p. 9479-9484, 2011.
VIDAL, L. V. O. et al. Utilização do eugenol como anestésico para o manejo de juvenis de pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, Maringá, v. 28, n. 3, p. 275-279, 2006.
WANG, N.; HAYWARD, R. S.; NOLTIE, D. B. Effect of feeding frequency on food consumption, growth, size variation, and feeding pattern of age-0 hybrid sunfish. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 165, n. 3-4, p. 261-267, 1998.
XIE, F. et al. The optimal feeding frequency of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea, Richardson) larvae. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 311, n. 1-4, p. 162-167, 2011.
ZHOU, Z. et al. Effect of feeding frequency on growth, feed utilization, and size variation of juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Berlin, v. 19, n. 4, p. 244-249, 2003.
BALDISSEROTO, B.; GOMES, L. C. Espécies nativas para a piscicultura no Brasil. 1. ed. Santa Maria, RS: Editora UFSM, 2005. 470 p.
BISWAS, G. et al. Effect of feeding frequency on growth, survival and feed utilization in mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala, and rohu, Labeo rohita, during nursery rearing. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 254, n. 1-4, p. 211-218, 2006.
CASTRO, C. S. et al. Feed digestibility and productive performance of bullfrogs raised in cages and fed in different periods and high frequency. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 433, s/n., p. 1-5, 2014.
CHO, S. H. et al. Effect of feeding rate and feeding frequency on survival, growth and body composition of Ayu post-larvae Plecoglossus altivelis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, v. 34, n. 1, p. 85-91, 2003.
CREPALDI, D. V. et al. O surubim na aquacultura do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, Belo Horizonte, v. 30, n. 3-4, p. 150-158, 2006.
EUCLYDES, R. SAEG: sistema para análise estatística e genética. versão 9.0. Viçosa, MG: Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2005.
FAUSTINO, F. et al. Fertilização e desenvolvimento embrionário: morfometria e análise estereomicroscópica dos ovos dos híbridos de surubins (pintado, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans x cachara, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum). Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences, Maringá, v. 29, n. 1, p. 49-55, 2007.
FERDOUS, Z. et al. Performance of different feeding frequency on growth indices and survival of monosex tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) fry. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, New Delhi, v. 1, n. 5, p. 80-83, 2014.
INOUE, L. A. K. A. et al. Princípios básicos para produção de alevinos de surubins (pintado e cachara). 1. ed. Dourados, MS: Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, 2009. 26 p.
LEE, S.; HWANG, U.; CHO, S. H. Effects of feeding frequency and dietary moisture content on growth, body composition and gastric evacuation of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 187, n. 3-4, p. 399-409, 2000.
MARIMUTHU, K. et al. Effect of different feed application rate on growth, survival and cannibalism of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, Al Ain, v. 23, n. 4, p. 330-337, 2011.
MIZANUR, R. M.; BAI, S. C. A review of the optimum feeding rates and feeding frequency in korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli reared at seven different water temperatures. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Busan, v. 17, n. 2, p. 229-247, 2014.
OLIVEIRA, F. A. et al. Automatic feeders for Nile tilapia raised in cages: productive performance at high feeding frequencies and different rates. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 68, n. 3, p. 702-708, 2016.
PHILLIPS, T. A.; SUMMERFELT, R. C.; CLAYTON, R. D. Feeding frequency effects on water quality and growth of walleye fingerlings in intensive culture. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, Maryland, v. 60, n. 1, p. 1-8. 1998.
RICHE, M. et al. Effect of feeding frequency on gastric evacuation and the return of appetite in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 234, n. 1-4, p. 657-673, 2004.
ROTTA, M. A. Aspectos gerais da fisiologia e estrutura do sistema digestivo dos peixes relacionados à piscicultura. 1. ed. Corumbá, MS: Embrapa Pantanal, 2003. 48 p.
SCHNAITTACHER, G.; KING, W.; BERLINSKY, D. L. The effects of feeding frequency on growth of juvenile Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. Aquaculture Research, Oxford, v. 36, n. 4, p. 370-377, 2005.
SILVA, C. R.; GOMES, L. C.; BRANDÃO, F. R. Effect of feeding rate and frequency on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) growth, production and feeding costs during the first growth phase in cages. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 264, n. 1-4, p. 135-139, 2007.
SOUSA, R. M. R. et al. Productive performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed at different frequencies and periods with automatic dispenser. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 64, n. 1, p. 192-197, 2012.
SOUSA, R. M. R. et al. Avanço tecnológico na produção brasileira de peixe: utilização de alimentadores automáticos na larvicultura de tilápia. Informe Agropecuário, Belo Horizonte, v. 34, n. 272, p. 76-79, 2013.
STOREBAKKEN, T. et al. Estimation of gastrointestinal evacuation rate in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) using inert markers and collection of faeces by sieving: evacuation of diets with fish meal, soybean meal or bacterial meal. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 172, n. 3-4, p. 291-299, 1999.
TRUSHENSKI, J. et al. Feeding rate and frequency affect growth of juvenile Atlantic spadefish. North American Journal of Aquaculture, Maryland, v. 74, n. 1, p. 107-112, 2012.
TUCKER, C. S.; ROBINSON, E. H. Channel catfish farming handbook. New York: AVI Books/Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1991. 454 p.
TÜRKER, A.; YILDIRIM, O. The effect of feeding frequency on growth performance and body composition in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in cold seawater. African Journal of Biotechnology, Kenya, v. 10, n. 46, p. 9479-9484, 2011.
VIDAL, L. V. O. et al. Utilização do eugenol como anestésico para o manejo de juvenis de pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, Maringá, v. 28, n. 3, p. 275-279, 2006.
WANG, N.; HAYWARD, R. S.; NOLTIE, D. B. Effect of feeding frequency on food consumption, growth, size variation, and feeding pattern of age-0 hybrid sunfish. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 165, n. 3-4, p. 261-267, 1998.
XIE, F. et al. The optimal feeding frequency of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea, Richardson) larvae. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, v. 311, n. 1-4, p. 162-167, 2011.
ZHOU, Z. et al. Effect of feeding frequency on growth, feed utilization, and size variation of juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Berlin, v. 19, n. 4, p. 244-249, 2003.
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