FAMES AND MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES INVOLVED IN THE SUPPRESSION OF CASSAVA ROOT ROT BY ORGANIC MATTER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n319rcKeywords:
Manihot esculenta. Fusarium solani. Coffee residue. Extracellular soil enzyme. Microbial community structure.Abstract
The incorporation of organic matter has been used to manage of diseases caused by soilborne pathogen, but there is a gap in the use of coffee residues on disease supressiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic matter sources against cassava root rot caused by F. solani CFF109. Fertilization with coffee residue (CR), cattle manure (CM), earthworm excrements (EE) and goat manure (GM) resulted in suppression of cassava root rot. The treatments of CR and CM presented higher reduction in the cassava disease severity. There were changes in the soil microbial community structure by organic matter incorporation, mainly in total fungi and Gram-negative bacteria populations. The total organic carbon and magnesium are negatively associated with disease severity. The microbial quotient, alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were positively and the biomarker a-15:0 was negatively associated with disease severity. This study indicated that agro-industrial residues can be recycled for providing organic matter and nutrients with effect for management of plant diseases by suppressing soilborne pathogens. This is the first evidence that the industrial residue of coffee can be use in the management of cassava root rot, caused by F. solani.Downloads
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References
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VAN BENEDEN, S. et al. Microbial populations involved in the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1B by lignin incorporation in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Firenze, v. 42, n. 8, p. 1268-1274, 2010.
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YEOMANS, J. C.; BREMNER, J. M. A rapid and precise method for routine determination of organic carbon in soil 1. Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis, New York, v. 19, n. 13, p. 1467-1476, 1988.
BARROS, J. A. et al. Different cover promote sandy soil suppressiveness to root rot disease of cassava caused by Fusarium solani. African Journal of Microbiology Research, Kunming, v. 8, n. 10, p. 967-973, 2014.
BARTLETT, R. J.; ROSS, D. S. Colorimetric determination of oxidizable carbon in acid soil solutions. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Madison, v. 52, n. 4, p. 1191-1192, 1988.
BLAUD, A. et al. Dynamics of bacterial communities in relation to soil aggregate formation during the decomposition of 13 C-labelled rice straw. Applied soil ecology, Firenze, v. 53, n. 1, p. 1-9, 2012.
BONANOMI, G. et al. Identifying the characteristics of organic soil amendments that suppress soilborne plant diseases. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 42, n. 2, p. 136-144, 2010.
BRADLEY, K.; DRIJBER, R. A.; KNOPS, J. Increased N availability in grassland soils modifies their microbial communities and decreases the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 38, n. 7, p. 1583-1595, 2006.
DIAS, B. O. et al. Use of biochar as bulking agent for the composting of poultry manure: Effect on organic matter degradation and humification. Bioresource technology, Mohali, v. 101, n. 4, p. 1239-1246, 2010.
DUFFY, B. K.; OWNLEY, B. H.; WELLER, D. M. Soil chemical and physical properties associated with suppression of take-all of wheat by Trichoderma koningii. Phytopathology, Davis, v. 87, n. 11, p. 1118-1124, 1997.
EIVAZI, F.; TABATABAI, M. A. Phosphatases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 9, n. 3, p. 167-172, 1977.
FROSTEGÅRD, A.; TUNLID, A.; BAATH, E. Use and misuse of PLFA measurements in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 43, n. 8, p. 1621-1625, 2011.
HEPPERLY, P. et al. Compost, manure and synthetic fertilizer influences crop yields, soil properties, nitrate leaching and crop nutrient content. Compost Science & Utilization, Columbus, v. 17, n. 2, p. 117-126, 2009.
IACOBELLIS, N. S. et al. Pseudomonas syringae and related pathogens: Biology and Genetic. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
JANVIER, C. et al. Soil health through soil disease suppression: which strategy from descriptors to indicators? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 39, n. 1, p. 1-23, 2007.
KANDELER, E.; GERBER, H. Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biology and fertility of Soils, Firenze, v. 6, n. 1, p. 68-72, 1988.
LYIMO, H. J. F.; PRATT, R. C.; MNYUKU, R. S. O. W. Composted cattle and poultry manures provide excellent fertility and improved management of gray leaf spot in maize. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 126, n. 1, p. 97-103, 2012.
MEDEIROS, E. V. et al. Absolute and specific enzymatic activities of sandy entisol from tropical dry forest, monoculture and intercropping areas. Soil and Tillage Research, Amsterdam, v. 145, n. 1, p. 208-215, 2015.
MEHTA, C. M. et al. Compost: its role, mechanism and impact on reducing soil-borne plant diseases. Waste management, Nassaulaan, v. 34, n. 3, p. 607-622, 2014.
MERILES, J. M. et al. Soil microbial communities under different soybean cropping systems: Characterization of microbial population dynamics, soil microbial activity, microbial biomass, and fatty acid profiles. Soil and Tillage Research, Amsterdam, v. 103, n. 2, p. 271-281, 2009.
MORAIS, M. S. et al. Epidemiology of diseases affecting cassava shoot in Alagoa Nova City, Paraíba. Summa Phytopathologica, Botucatu, v. 40, n. 3, p. 264-269, 2014.
NAYLOR, R. L. et al. The ripple effect: biofuels, food security, and the environment. Agronomy and Horticulture, Licoln, v. 49, n. 9, p. 30-43, 2007.
NOTARO, K. A. et al. Prospecção de fitopatógenos associados á podridão radicular da mandioca em Pernambuco, Brasil. Bioscience Journal, Uberlândia, v. 29, n. 5, p. 1832-1839, 2013.
ONDOÑO, S.; BASTIDA, F.; MORENO, J. L. Microbiological and biochemical properties of artificial substrates: A preliminary study of its application as Technosols or as a basis in Green Roof Systems. Ecological Engineering, Amsterdam, v. 70, n. 1, p. 189-199, 2014.
PENG, H. X.; SIVASITHAMPARAM, K.; TURNER, D. W. Chlamydospore germination and Fusarium wilt of banana plantlets in suppressive and conducive soils are affected by physical and chemical factors. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Firenze, v. 31, n. 10, p. 1363-1374, 1999.
SCHUTTER, M. E.; DICK, R. P. Comparison of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) methods for characterizing microbial communities. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Madison, v. 64, n. 5, p. 1659-1668, 2000.
SENECHKIN, I. V.; VAN OVERBEEK, L. S.; VAN BRUGGEN, A. H. C. Greater Fusarium wilt suppression after complex than after simple organic amendments as affected by soil pH, total carbon and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Applied Soil Ecology, Belfield, v. 73, n. 1, p. 148-155, 2014.
SILVA, C. A. D. et al. Interferência da incorporação de matéria orgânica no solo no controle da podridão negra da mandioca, causada por Scytalidium lignicola. Bioscience Journal, Uberlândia, v. 29, n. 6, p. 1823-1831, 2013.
STEINBERG, C. et al. Impact of organic amendments on soil suppressiveness to diseases. IOBC wprs Bulletin, England, v. 27, n. 1, p. 259-266, 2004.
VAN BENEDEN, S. et al. Microbial populations involved in the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1B by lignin incorporation in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Firenze, v. 42, n. 8, p. 1268-1274, 2010.
VELUSAMY, P.; KO, H. S.; KIM, K. Y. Determination of antifungal activity of Pseudomonas sp. A3 against Fusarium oxysporum by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Agricutural Food Annal Bacteriology, New York, v. 1, n. 1, p. 15-23, 2011.
YEOMANS, J. C.; BREMNER, J. M. A rapid and precise method for routine determination of organic carbon in soil 1. Communications in Soil Science & Plant Analysis, New York, v. 19, n. 13, p. 1467-1476, 1988.
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21-03-2017
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