SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES IN AREAS WITH STAGES AND MANAGEMENT OF FOREST REGENERATION FROM CAATINGA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n217rcKeywords:
Extracelular soil enzymes. Soil quality. Phosphatase. Urease. Arylsulfatase.Abstract
The tropical dry areas have suffered the most severe anthropic pressures. This factor motivates studies aimed at characterizing and monitoring the soil quality to determine the management measures to apply and to suggest appropriate recovery procedures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases, urea and arylsulfatase in the superficial layers of soils in areas under different stages of forest regeneration, in Floresta-PE City.. Soil sampling was conducted at 0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm layer in the following areas: C-18 (vegetation regeneration for 18 years), P-13 (13 years), L-12 (12 years), C-9 (9 years), C-7 (7 years) and G-4 (4 years). The analytical methods used in the study were based on the incubation of the soil samples with a buffered solution of substrate specific for each enzyme. The methods were based on colorimetric determinations. The activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase and urease represented sensitive measures for detecting changes in soil quality at various stages of regeneration in tropical dry forests. The area with the longest duration of forest regeneration (C-18) showed higher enzyme activities. The soil enzymatic activities respond to different stages and management of forest regeneration in Brazilian tropical dry areas, namely Caatinga. The acid and alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase and urease increased with time of regeneration.Downloads
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References
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BANDICK, A. K.; DICK, R. P. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 31, n. 11, p. 1471-1479, 1999.
BOERNER, R. E. J. et al. Initial effects of fire and mechanical thinning on soil enzyme activity and nitrogen transformations in eight North American forest ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 40, n. 12, p. 3076-3085, 2008.
BURKE, D. M. et al. The effects of partial harvest on the understory vegetation of southern Ontario woodlands. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 255, n. 7, p. 2204-2212, 2008.
BUZINARO, T. N.; BARBOSA, J. C.; NAHAS, E. Soil microbialactivities in orchard citrus as a response to green manure cultivation. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 31, n. 2, p. 408-415, 2009.
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA – EMBRAPA. Banco de dados climáticos do Brasil. Disponível em: <http://www.bdclima.cnpm.embrapa.br/resultados/balanco.php?UF=&COD=141>. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2013.
EIVAZI, F.; TABATABAI, M. A. Phosphatases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 9, n. 3, p. 167-172, 1977.
EIVAZI, F.; TABATABAI, M. A. Glucosidases and galactosidases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 20, n. 5, p. 601-606, 1988.
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GENG, Y.; DIGHTON, J.; GRAY, D. The effects of thinning and soil disturbance on enzyme activities under pitch pine soil in New Jersey Pinelands. Applied soil ecology, Firenze, v. 62, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2012.
GIACOMETTI, C. et al. Chemical and microbiological soil quality indicators and their potential to differentiate fertilization regimes in temperate agroecosystems. Applied Soil Ecology, Firenze, v. 64, p. 32-48, 2013.
JATOBÁ, L. Geologia e recursos minerais. In: ANDRADE, M. C. O. (Ed.). Atlas escolar pernambucano: espaço geo-histórico e cultural. João Pessoa: Grafset, 2003. v. 2, p. 27-34.
KANDELER, E.; GERBER, H. Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biology and fertility of Soils, Firenze, v. 6, n. 1, p. 68-72, 1988.
KREMER, R. J.; LI, J. Developing weed-suppressive soils through improved soil quality management. Soil and Tillage Research, Kiel, v. 72, n. 2, p. 193-202, 2003.
LUCAS-BORJA, M. E. et al. Influence of forest cover and herbaceous vegetation on the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil under Mediterranean humid climate. European Journal of Soil Biology, Braunschweig, v. 46, n. 5, p. 273-279, 2010.
MA, S. et al. Spatial variability in microclimate in a mixed-conifer forest before and after thinning and burning treatments. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 259, n. 5, p. 904-915, 2010.
MATSUOKA, M.; MENDES, I. C.; LOUREIRO, M. F. Biomassa microbiana e atividade enzimática em solos sob vegetação nativa e sistemas agrícolas anuais e perenes na região de Primavera do Leste (MT). Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 27, n. 3, p. 425-433, 2003.
MEDEIROS, E. V. et al. Absolute and specific enzymatic activities of sandy entisol from tropical dry forest, monoculture and intercropping areas. Soil and Tillage Research, Kiel, v. 145, n. 1, p. 208-215, 2015.
MEDEIROS, E. V. et al. Soil organic carbon, microbial biomass and enzyme activities responses to natural regeneration in a tropical dry region in Northeast Brazil. CATENA, Amsterdam, v. 151, n. 1, p. 137-146, 2017.
MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE – MMA. Manejo sustentável dos recursos florestais da Caatinga / MMA. Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas. Departamento de Florestas. Programa Nacional de Florestas. Natal : MMA, pp. 28. 2008.
NOTARO, K. A. et al. Agroforestry systems, nutrients in litter and microbial activity in soils cultivated with coffee at high altitude. Scientia Agricola, Piracicaba, v. 71, n. 2, p. 87-95, 2014.
SILVA, C. F. et al. Total organic carbon, microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity areas of agriculture, forestry and grassland in the middle Valley of Paraíba do Sul River (RJ). Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 36, n. 6, p. 1680-1689, 2012.
SMITH, A. P.; MARÍN-SPIOTTA, E.; BALSER, T. Successional and seasonal variations in soil and litter microbial community structure and function during tropical postagricultural forest regeneration: a multiyear study. Global change biology, Illinois, v. 21, n. 9, p. 3532-3547, 2015.
TABATABAI, M. A.; BREMNER, J. M. Distribution of total and available sulfur in selected soils and soil profiles. Agronomy Journal, Auburn, v. 64, n. 1, p. 40-44, 1972.
TRANNIN, I. C. B.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. S. Características biológicas do solo indicadoras de qualidade após dois anos de aplicação de biossólido industrial e cultivo de milho. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 31, n. 5, p. 1173-1184, 2007.
TRANNIN, I. C. B.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. S. Atributos químicos e físicos de um solo tratado com biossólido industrial e cultivado com milho. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 12, n. 3, p. 223-230, 2008.
VALLEJO, V. E. et al. Effect of land management and Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC trees on soil microbial community and enzymatic activities in intensive silvopastoral systems of Colombia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Zurich, v. 150, n. 15, p. 139-148, 2012.
VINHAL-FREITAS, I. C. et al. Microbial and enzymatic activity in soil after organic composting. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 34, n. 3, p. 757-764, 2010.
WICK, B.; TIESSEN, H.; MENEZES, R. S. C. Land quality changes following the conversion of the natural vegetation into silvo-pastoral systems in semi-arid NE Brazil. Plant and Soil, Crawley, v. 222, n. 1-2, p. 59-70, 2000.
WALMSLEY, J. D. et al. Whole tree harvesting can reduce second rotation forest productivity. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 257, n. 3, p. 1104-1111, 2009.
YANG, L. et al. Fertilization regulates soil enzymatic activity and fertility dynamics in a cucumber field. Scientia Horticulturae, British Columbia, v. 116, n. 1, p. 21-26, 2008.
AMARAL, P.; PINTO A. Manejo florestal como base para produção e conservação florestal na Amazônia. In: CASES, M. O. (Ed.). Gestão de Unidades de Conservação: compartilhando uma experiência de capacitação. Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas- WWF-Brasil, 2012. v. 1, p. 265-278.
BALDRIAN, P.; ŠTURSOVÁ, M. Enzymes in forest soils. In: BALOTA, E. L.; MACHINESKI, O.; TRUBER, P. V. (Eds.). Soil Enzymology. Noida: Springer Science & Business Media, 2010. v. 22, cap. 4, p. 61-73.
BALOTA, E. L.; MACHINESKI, O.; TRUBER, P. V. Soil enzyme activities under pig slurry addition and different tillage systems. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, Maringá, v. 33, n. 4, p. 729-737, 2011.
BANDICK, A. K.; DICK, R. P. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 31, n. 11, p. 1471-1479, 1999.
BOERNER, R. E. J. et al. Initial effects of fire and mechanical thinning on soil enzyme activity and nitrogen transformations in eight North American forest ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 40, n. 12, p. 3076-3085, 2008.
BURKE, D. M. et al. The effects of partial harvest on the understory vegetation of southern Ontario woodlands. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 255, n. 7, p. 2204-2212, 2008.
BUZINARO, T. N.; BARBOSA, J. C.; NAHAS, E. Soil microbialactivities in orchard citrus as a response to green manure cultivation. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 31, n. 2, p. 408-415, 2009.
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA – EMBRAPA. Banco de dados climáticos do Brasil. Disponível em: <http://www.bdclima.cnpm.embrapa.br/resultados/balanco.php?UF=&COD=141>. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2013.
EIVAZI, F.; TABATABAI, M. A. Phosphatases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 9, n. 3, p. 167-172, 1977.
EIVAZI, F.; TABATABAI, M. A. Glucosidases and galactosidases in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Leicestershire, v. 20, n. 5, p. 601-606, 1988.
FERRÃO, N. G. Atributos microbianos em solos sob Caatinga manejada. 2014. 44 f. Monografia (Ciências biológicas- Ciências ambientais) – Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, 2014.
FOLEY, J. A. et al. Global consequences of land use. Science, United Kingdom, v. 309, n. 5734, p. 570-574, 2005.
GENG, Y.; DIGHTON, J.; GRAY, D. The effects of thinning and soil disturbance on enzyme activities under pitch pine soil in New Jersey Pinelands. Applied soil ecology, Firenze, v. 62, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2012.
GIACOMETTI, C. et al. Chemical and microbiological soil quality indicators and their potential to differentiate fertilization regimes in temperate agroecosystems. Applied Soil Ecology, Firenze, v. 64, p. 32-48, 2013.
JATOBÁ, L. Geologia e recursos minerais. In: ANDRADE, M. C. O. (Ed.). Atlas escolar pernambucano: espaço geo-histórico e cultural. João Pessoa: Grafset, 2003. v. 2, p. 27-34.
KANDELER, E.; GERBER, H. Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biology and fertility of Soils, Firenze, v. 6, n. 1, p. 68-72, 1988.
KREMER, R. J.; LI, J. Developing weed-suppressive soils through improved soil quality management. Soil and Tillage Research, Kiel, v. 72, n. 2, p. 193-202, 2003.
LUCAS-BORJA, M. E. et al. Influence of forest cover and herbaceous vegetation on the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil under Mediterranean humid climate. European Journal of Soil Biology, Braunschweig, v. 46, n. 5, p. 273-279, 2010.
MA, S. et al. Spatial variability in microclimate in a mixed-conifer forest before and after thinning and burning treatments. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 259, n. 5, p. 904-915, 2010.
MATSUOKA, M.; MENDES, I. C.; LOUREIRO, M. F. Biomassa microbiana e atividade enzimática em solos sob vegetação nativa e sistemas agrícolas anuais e perenes na região de Primavera do Leste (MT). Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 27, n. 3, p. 425-433, 2003.
MEDEIROS, E. V. et al. Absolute and specific enzymatic activities of sandy entisol from tropical dry forest, monoculture and intercropping areas. Soil and Tillage Research, Kiel, v. 145, n. 1, p. 208-215, 2015.
MEDEIROS, E. V. et al. Soil organic carbon, microbial biomass and enzyme activities responses to natural regeneration in a tropical dry region in Northeast Brazil. CATENA, Amsterdam, v. 151, n. 1, p. 137-146, 2017.
MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE – MMA. Manejo sustentável dos recursos florestais da Caatinga / MMA. Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas. Departamento de Florestas. Programa Nacional de Florestas. Natal : MMA, pp. 28. 2008.
NOTARO, K. A. et al. Agroforestry systems, nutrients in litter and microbial activity in soils cultivated with coffee at high altitude. Scientia Agricola, Piracicaba, v. 71, n. 2, p. 87-95, 2014.
SILVA, C. F. et al. Total organic carbon, microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity areas of agriculture, forestry and grassland in the middle Valley of Paraíba do Sul River (RJ). Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 36, n. 6, p. 1680-1689, 2012.
SMITH, A. P.; MARÍN-SPIOTTA, E.; BALSER, T. Successional and seasonal variations in soil and litter microbial community structure and function during tropical postagricultural forest regeneration: a multiyear study. Global change biology, Illinois, v. 21, n. 9, p. 3532-3547, 2015.
TABATABAI, M. A.; BREMNER, J. M. Distribution of total and available sulfur in selected soils and soil profiles. Agronomy Journal, Auburn, v. 64, n. 1, p. 40-44, 1972.
TRANNIN, I. C. B.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. S. Características biológicas do solo indicadoras de qualidade após dois anos de aplicação de biossólido industrial e cultivo de milho. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 31, n. 5, p. 1173-1184, 2007.
TRANNIN, I. C. B.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. S. Atributos químicos e físicos de um solo tratado com biossólido industrial e cultivado com milho. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 12, n. 3, p. 223-230, 2008.
VALLEJO, V. E. et al. Effect of land management and Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC trees on soil microbial community and enzymatic activities in intensive silvopastoral systems of Colombia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Zurich, v. 150, n. 15, p. 139-148, 2012.
VINHAL-FREITAS, I. C. et al. Microbial and enzymatic activity in soil after organic composting. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 34, n. 3, p. 757-764, 2010.
WICK, B.; TIESSEN, H.; MENEZES, R. S. C. Land quality changes following the conversion of the natural vegetation into silvo-pastoral systems in semi-arid NE Brazil. Plant and Soil, Crawley, v. 222, n. 1-2, p. 59-70, 2000.
WALMSLEY, J. D. et al. Whole tree harvesting can reduce second rotation forest productivity. Forest Ecology and Management, New South Wales, v. 257, n. 3, p. 1104-1111, 2009.
YANG, L. et al. Fertilization regulates soil enzymatic activity and fertility dynamics in a cucumber field. Scientia Horticulturae, British Columbia, v. 116, n. 1, p. 21-26, 2008.
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06-04-2018
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