ACCUMULATION POTENTIAL AND NUTRIENT CYCLING OF APPLE OF PERU (Nicandra physalodes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n212rcKeywords:
Apple of Peru. Acid detergent fibre. C/N ratio. Neutral detergent fibre.Abstract
Weed residues can influence nutrient cycling in agroecosystems. Quantifying this potential nutrient source may influence weed control and fertilisation practices. Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. is a weed with a short life cycle and a great ability to accumulate dry matter. Field observations suggest that N. physaloides residues are easily decomposed in soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing of N, P and K doses on the growth of N. physalodes, as well as the nutrient content, chemical characteristics and C/N ratio of the weed. A randomised block design, arranged in split-plot with three replications, was utilised. The main plots were given four doses of NPK (Dose 1 – 0, 0.3 and 17.2 mg dm-3; Dose 2 – 30, 450.3 and 75.4 mg dm-3; Dose 3 – 60, 900.3 and 133.4 mg dm-3; and Dose 4 – 120, 1800.3 and 249.68 mg dm-3), and the subplots were harvested at ten time points after emergence (26, 33, 40, 47, 54, 61, 76, 91, 106 and 121 days). Higher dry matter production and N, P and K content were observed in plants grown on higher levels of fertiliser. The increase of N, P and K levels in the soil resulted in greater total accumulation of these macronutrients. The highest macronutrient contents were K and N. The treatments did not affect neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and C/N ratio of plant. N. physalodes had low C/N ratio, low NDF and ADF levels, and great nutrient accumulation, suggesting that this plant is quickly decomposed, providing a rapid cycling of nutrients.Downloads
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References
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BRUUN, S. et al. A nitrogen mineralization model based on relationships for gross mineralization and immobilization. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 38, n. 9, p. 2712-2721, 2006.
CANTARUTTI, R. B. et al. Avaliação da fertilidade do solo e recomendação de fertilizantes. In: NOVAIS, R. F. et al. (Eds.). Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência do Solo, 2007. v. 1, cap. 13, p. 769-850.
CAVALCANTE, V. S. et al. Biomassa e extração de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 16, n. 5, p. 521-528, 2012.
CHACÓN, E. A. V. et al. Decomposição de fontes orgânicas e mineralização de formas de nitrogênio e fósforo. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 58, n. 3, p. 373-383, 2011.
CHEN, B. et al. Soil nitrogen dynamics and crop residues. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Paris, v. 34, n. 2, p. 429-442, 2014.
COOPER, J. et al. The future distribution and production of global phosphate rock reserves. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Amsterdam, v. 57, n. 1, p. 78-86, 2011.
DAMON, P. M. et al. Crop residue contributions to phosphorus pools in agricultural soils: A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 74, s/n., p. 127-137, 2014.
ESPINDOLA, J. A. A. et al. Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes acumulados em leguminosas herbáceas perenes consorciadas com bananeira. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 2, p. 321-328, 2006.
GOVINDARAJAN, M. et al. One-pot fabrication of silver nanocrystals using Nicandra physalodes: A novel route for mosquito vector control with moderate toxicity on non-target water bugs. Research in Veterinary Science, Oxford, v. 107, s/n., p. 95-101, 2016.
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MARSCHNER, H. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2. ed. London: Academic Press, 2012. 889 p.
MARTINS, T. A. et al. Acúmulo de matéria seca e macronutrientes por plantas de Merremia aegyptia. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 28, Sup., p. 1023-1029, 2010.
MASCLAUX-DAUBRESSE, C. et al. Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of Botany, Oxford, v. 105, n. 7, p. 1141-1157, 2010.
MATOS, C. C. et al. Nicandra physalodes growth at different concentrations of N, P and K. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 36, n. 3, p. 1307-1316, 2015.
MUKUNGU, N. A. et al. Solation and structural elucidation of compounds from the non-alkaloidal extract of Nicandra physaloides and the antimicrobial activity of withanicandrin. East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nairobi, v. 16, n. 2, p. 49-53, 2013.
NEPOMUCENO, M. et al. Períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura da soja nos sistemas de semeadura direta e convencional. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 25, n. 1, p. 43-50, 2007.
ORTEGA-VARGAS, E. et al. Date of pruning of Guazuma ulmifolia during the rainy season affects the availability, productivity and nutritional quality of forage during the dry season. Agroforestry Systems, Dordrecht, v. 87, n. 4, p. 917-927, 2013.
RAY, D. K. et al. Yield trends are insufficient to double global crop production by 2050. PLoS ONE, San Francisco, v. 8, n. 6, p. e66428, 2013.
REGEHR, A. et al. Gross nitrogen mineralization and immobilization in temperate maize-soybean intercrops. Plant and Soil, Dordrecht, v. 391, n. 1, p. 353-365, 2015.
RENWICK, A. et al. Power in global agriculture: Economics, politics, and natural resources. International Journal of Agricultural Management, Exeter, v. 2, n. 1, p. 31-48, 2012.
RUFFO, M. L.; BOLLERO, G. A. Residue decomposition and prediction of carbon and nitrogen release rates based on biochemical fractions using principal-component regression. Agronomy Journal, Madison, v. 95, n. 4, p. 1034-1040, 2003.
SAKONNAKHON, S. P. N. et al. Weeds – friend or foe? The role of weed composition on stover nutrient recycling efficiency. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 97, n. 2-3, p. 238-247, 2006.
TILMAN, D. et al. Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature, London, v. 418, n. 6898, p. 671-677, 2002.
TOMASSINI, T. C. B. et al. Gênero Physalis - uma revisão sobre vitaesteróides. Química Nova, São Paulo, v. 23, n. 1, p. 47-57, 2000.
VAN SOEST, P. J. et al. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, Chanpaign, v. 74, n. 10, p. 3583- 3597, 1991.
VAN VUUREN, D. P. et al. Phosphorus demand for the 1970–2100 period: A scenario analysis of resource depletion. Global Environmental Change, Oxford, v. 20, n. 3, p. 428-439, 2010.
VANCE, C. P. et al. Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist, Hoboken, v. 157, n. 3, p. 423-447, 2003.
VELAZQUEZ-JIMENEZ, L. H.; RANGEL-MENDEZ, J. R. Chemical and thermogravimetric analyses of raw and saturated agave bagasse main fractions with Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) Ions: adsorption mechanisms. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Washington, v. 53, n. 20, p. 8332-8338, 2014.
WATANABE, H. et al. Environmental factors affecting germination of apple of Peru. Weed Science, Lawrence, v. 50, n. 2, p. 152-156, 2002.
XU, X. et al. Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 163, s/n., p. 10-17, 2014.
YADVINDER-SINGH, S. et al. Crop residue management for nutrient cycling and improving soil productivity in rice-based cropping systems in the tropics. Advances in Agronomy, San Diego, v. 85, n. 1, p. 269-407, 2005.
ZHOU, W. J. et al. Direct effects of litter decomposition on soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a tropical rainforest. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 81, n. 1, p. 255-258, 2015.
ZÖRB, C. et al. Potassium in agriculture – status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology, Jena, v. 171, n. 9, p. 656-669, 2014.
ARYAL, A. et al. Foods, macronutrients and fibre in the diet of blue sheep (Psuedois nayaur) in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal. Ecology and Evolution, New Jersey, v. 5, n. 18, p. 4006-4017, 2015.
BACHEGA, L. P. S. et al. Periods of weed interference in okra crop. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 31, n. 1, p. 63-70, 2013.
BIANCO, S. et al. Acúmulo de massa seca e de macronutrientes por plantas de Glycine max e Solanum americanum. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 1, p. 87-95, 2012.
BRAZ, G. B. P. et al. Controle de solanáceas por herbicidas utilizados em algodoeiro. Revista Brasileira de Herbicidas, Mossoró, v. 10, n. 3, p. 190-199, 2011.
BRUUN, S. et al. A nitrogen mineralization model based on relationships for gross mineralization and immobilization. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 38, n. 9, p. 2712-2721, 2006.
CANTARUTTI, R. B. et al. Avaliação da fertilidade do solo e recomendação de fertilizantes. In: NOVAIS, R. F. et al. (Eds.). Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência do Solo, 2007. v. 1, cap. 13, p. 769-850.
CAVALCANTE, V. S. et al. Biomassa e extração de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 16, n. 5, p. 521-528, 2012.
CHACÓN, E. A. V. et al. Decomposição de fontes orgânicas e mineralização de formas de nitrogênio e fósforo. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 58, n. 3, p. 373-383, 2011.
CHEN, B. et al. Soil nitrogen dynamics and crop residues. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Paris, v. 34, n. 2, p. 429-442, 2014.
COOPER, J. et al. The future distribution and production of global phosphate rock reserves. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Amsterdam, v. 57, n. 1, p. 78-86, 2011.
DAMON, P. M. et al. Crop residue contributions to phosphorus pools in agricultural soils: A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 74, s/n., p. 127-137, 2014.
ESPINDOLA, J. A. A. et al. Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes acumulados em leguminosas herbáceas perenes consorciadas com bananeira. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 2, p. 321-328, 2006.
GOVINDARAJAN, M. et al. One-pot fabrication of silver nanocrystals using Nicandra physalodes: A novel route for mosquito vector control with moderate toxicity on non-target water bugs. Research in Veterinary Science, Oxford, v. 107, s/n., p. 95-101, 2016.
HARRE, N. T. et al. Decay and nutrient release patterns of weeds following post-emergent glyphosate control. Weed Science, Lawrence, v. 62, n. 4, p. 588-596, 2014.
HOFFMAN, P. C. et al. El efecto de la madurez en la digestibilidad del FDN (fibra detergente neutro). Focus on Forage, Madison, v. 5, n. 15, p. 1-2, 2007.
IPPOLITO, J. A.; BARBARICK, K. A. A simple carbon–nitrogen assay for introductory soil science classes. Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education, Madison, v. 32, n. 1, p. 69-72, 2003.
KALBITZ, K. et al. Response of dissolved organic matter in the forest floor to long-term manipulation of litter and throughfall inputs. Biogeochemistry, Dordrecht, v. 86, n. 3, p. 301-318, 2007.
KISSMANN, K. G.; GROTH, D. Plantas infestantes e nocivas. 2. ed. São Paulo, SP: BASF, 2000. 683 p.
LINDSEY, L. E. et al. Nitrogen release from weed residue. Weed Science, Lawrence, v. 61, n. 2, p. 334-340, 2013.
LONG, S. P. et al. Meeting the global food demand of the future by engineering crop photosynthesis and yield potential. Cell, Cambridge, v. 161, n. 1, p. 56-66, 2015.
LORENZI, H. Manual de identificação e controle de plantas daninhas: plantio direto e convencional. 6. ed. Nova Odessa, SP: Instituto Plantarum, 2006. 339 p.
MAGALHÃES, J. A. et al. Composição bromatológica do capim-Marandu sob efeito de irrigação e adubação nitrogenada. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 36, n. 2, p. 933-942, 2015.
MALAVOLTA, E. et al. Avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas: princípios, métodos e técnicas de avaliação do estado nutricional. 2. ed. Piracicaba, SP: Potafos. 1997. 319 p.
MARSCHNER, H. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2. ed. London: Academic Press, 2012. 889 p.
MARTINS, T. A. et al. Acúmulo de matéria seca e macronutrientes por plantas de Merremia aegyptia. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 28, Sup., p. 1023-1029, 2010.
MASCLAUX-DAUBRESSE, C. et al. Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of Botany, Oxford, v. 105, n. 7, p. 1141-1157, 2010.
MATOS, C. C. et al. Nicandra physalodes growth at different concentrations of N, P and K. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 36, n. 3, p. 1307-1316, 2015.
MUKUNGU, N. A. et al. Solation and structural elucidation of compounds from the non-alkaloidal extract of Nicandra physaloides and the antimicrobial activity of withanicandrin. East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nairobi, v. 16, n. 2, p. 49-53, 2013.
NEPOMUCENO, M. et al. Períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura da soja nos sistemas de semeadura direta e convencional. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v. 25, n. 1, p. 43-50, 2007.
ORTEGA-VARGAS, E. et al. Date of pruning of Guazuma ulmifolia during the rainy season affects the availability, productivity and nutritional quality of forage during the dry season. Agroforestry Systems, Dordrecht, v. 87, n. 4, p. 917-927, 2013.
RAY, D. K. et al. Yield trends are insufficient to double global crop production by 2050. PLoS ONE, San Francisco, v. 8, n. 6, p. e66428, 2013.
REGEHR, A. et al. Gross nitrogen mineralization and immobilization in temperate maize-soybean intercrops. Plant and Soil, Dordrecht, v. 391, n. 1, p. 353-365, 2015.
RENWICK, A. et al. Power in global agriculture: Economics, politics, and natural resources. International Journal of Agricultural Management, Exeter, v. 2, n. 1, p. 31-48, 2012.
RUFFO, M. L.; BOLLERO, G. A. Residue decomposition and prediction of carbon and nitrogen release rates based on biochemical fractions using principal-component regression. Agronomy Journal, Madison, v. 95, n. 4, p. 1034-1040, 2003.
SAKONNAKHON, S. P. N. et al. Weeds – friend or foe? The role of weed composition on stover nutrient recycling efficiency. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 97, n. 2-3, p. 238-247, 2006.
TILMAN, D. et al. Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature, London, v. 418, n. 6898, p. 671-677, 2002.
TOMASSINI, T. C. B. et al. Gênero Physalis - uma revisão sobre vitaesteróides. Química Nova, São Paulo, v. 23, n. 1, p. 47-57, 2000.
VAN SOEST, P. J. et al. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, Chanpaign, v. 74, n. 10, p. 3583- 3597, 1991.
VAN VUUREN, D. P. et al. Phosphorus demand for the 1970–2100 period: A scenario analysis of resource depletion. Global Environmental Change, Oxford, v. 20, n. 3, p. 428-439, 2010.
VANCE, C. P. et al. Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist, Hoboken, v. 157, n. 3, p. 423-447, 2003.
VELAZQUEZ-JIMENEZ, L. H.; RANGEL-MENDEZ, J. R. Chemical and thermogravimetric analyses of raw and saturated agave bagasse main fractions with Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) Ions: adsorption mechanisms. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Washington, v. 53, n. 20, p. 8332-8338, 2014.
WATANABE, H. et al. Environmental factors affecting germination of apple of Peru. Weed Science, Lawrence, v. 50, n. 2, p. 152-156, 2002.
XU, X. et al. Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 163, s/n., p. 10-17, 2014.
YADVINDER-SINGH, S. et al. Crop residue management for nutrient cycling and improving soil productivity in rice-based cropping systems in the tropics. Advances in Agronomy, San Diego, v. 85, n. 1, p. 269-407, 2005.
ZHOU, W. J. et al. Direct effects of litter decomposition on soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a tropical rainforest. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Oxford, v. 81, n. 1, p. 255-258, 2015.
ZÖRB, C. et al. Potassium in agriculture – status and perspectives. Journal of Plant Physiology, Jena, v. 171, n. 9, p. 656-669, 2014.
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06-04-2018
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