YIELD AND AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF SUNFLOWER IN RESPONSE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATION AND SOWING SEASON

Authors

  • Rafael Delgado Martinez Department of Crop Ecophysiology, Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TA http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-5985
  • Wilberth Alfredo Poot Poot Department of Crop Biotechnology, Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TA http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-3289
  • Sergio Castro Nava Department of Crop Ecophysiology, Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TA http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-001X
  • Ma Teresa de Jesús Segura Martínez Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TA http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-3885
  • Miguel Emilio Moreno Ortega Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidade Autônoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TA http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2444-8814

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n409rc

Keywords:

Water use efficiency. Agronomy efficiency. Yield. Evapotranspiration.

Abstract

Agronomic responses to the use of agricultural inputs have been used in agriculture to identify the optimal level of nutrients to be supplied for high yield. This strategy helps to avoid economic losses and excessive application of fertilizers that has caused pollution of aquifers and soil degradation. The aim of the study was to evaluate water use efficiency, agronomic efficiency of nitrogen, heat units and use of evapotranspiration in yield and its components in sunflowers under hot climate conditions in function of nitrogen fertilizer application during two sowing season. The experiment was conducted in the field. The treatments were two sowing seasons and three levels of nitrogen fertilizer application and one control: 0, 60, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1. The nitrogen source was urea. The experimental design was complete random blocks with factorial array and four replications. The occurrence of cv. Cobalto sunflower phenological stages were not modified by the treatments. Urea favored agronomic efficiency and water use efficiency. Yield components were modified positively, with increasing receptacle area, 100-grain weight, and grain yield per receptacle. Application of nitrogen fertilizer favored sunflower development, although environmental conditions are of critical importance as demonstrated by a clear interaction between the yield response to fertilizer application and the environment where the plants grew.

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Published

17-10-2018

Issue

Section

Agronomy