LIXIVIAÇÃO E CARRYOVER PARA MILHO SAFRINHA DOS HERBICIDAS IMAZAPYR+IMAZAPIC EM SOLO SOB DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES HÍDRICAS

Amanda dos Santos Souza; Jéssica Ferreira Lourenço Leal; Ana Claudia Langaro; Gledson Soares Carvalho; Camila Ferreira de Pinho

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n202rc

Authors

Amanda dos Santos Souza Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-867X
Jéssica Ferreira Lourenço Leal Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-7998
Ana Claudia Langaro Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6746-5692
Gledson Soares Carvalho Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6275-2345
Camila Ferreira de Pinho Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-2212

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n202rc

Keywords:

Cultivation in succession. Imidazolinones. Persistence. Residual.

Abstract

Soil moisture can alter the transport and permanence of pre-emergent herbicides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of water availability in the soil on the leaching of a commercial mixture of the herbicides imazapyr + imazapic, as well as the carryover effect of this herbicide in corn planted in succession to soybean. The experiment was carried out in leaching columns in a randomized block design with 4 replications. A 3x3x2 factorial scheme was used, with factor A being the irrigation (130%, 100% and 70% of field capacity (CC)), factor B the doses of the commercial mixture of the herbicides imazapyr + imazapic (0.00+ 0.00; 52.5 + 17.5 and 105 + 35 g ha^-1) and factor C at soil depth (0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m). Soybean sowing was performed at the top of the columns and immediately after herbicide mixture was applied. After 120 days the columns were opened, generating two sections, where corn (Zea mays) and the other watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) were sown as a bioindicator of herbicide residue. The fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a at 15 and 30 days after germination (DAG) and shoot dry matter accumulation at 30 DAG were evaluated. There was greater retention of the herbicide imazapyr + imazapic at a depth of 0-0.3m at 70% CC condition and leaching at a depth of 0.3-0.6m at 130% CC condition, with a reduction in the mass accumulation of watermelon plants. The herbicide has a carryover potential for corn cultivation in soils maintained at 70% CC.

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