PATHOGENICITY OF Macrophomina SPECIES COLLECTED FROM WEEDS IN COWPEA

Rui Sales Júnior; Alfredo  Nogueira da Silva Neto; Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros; Thomas Rauan Rodrigues Gomes; Marcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio; Josep Armengol

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n212rc

Authors

Rui Sales Júnior Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-0649
Alfredo Nogueira da Silva Neto Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4080-7162
Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-2527
Thomas Rauan Rodrigues Gomes Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-7904
Marcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5033-9745
Josep Armengol Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-8578

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n212rc

Keywords:

Boerhavia diffusa. Inoculation. Soil-borne pathogen. Trianthema portulacastrum. Vigna unguiculata.

Abstract

Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a major cowpea disease causing substantial losses to growers. In the semi-arid region of Brazil, cowpea is one of the most widely used alternatives for crop rotation during the off-season of melon. This favors Macrophomina multiplication because both crops are hosts of this pathogen. The objective of this study was to verify the pathogenicity of Macrophomina phaseolina and M. pseudophaseolina on cowpea. The Macrophomina spp. isolates used were obtained from the roots of Trianthema portulacastrum and Boerhavia diffusa, weed species prevalent in melon production areas in North-east Brazilian. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. Cowpea plants cv. ‘Paulistinha’ were inoculated with 30 M. phaseolina isolates, 30 M. pseudophaseolina isolates and a reference isolate of M. phaseolina obtained from cowpea roots. All Macrophomina isolates were able to cause disease on cowpea and there were no statistical differences between both Macrophomina species regarding disease incidence and severity. Moreover, 65.2 and 100.0% of the M. phaseolina isolates, and 56.2 and 92.8% of the M. pseudophaseolina isolates, obtained from T. portulacastrum and B. diffusa, respectively, were as severe to cowpea as the M. phaseolina reference isolate from cowpea. These results emphasize the need to establish management practices aiming to control T. portucalastrum and B. diffusa from cowpea production areas, as they can act as potential sources of inoculum and survival for Macrophomina spp.

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