GRAIN YIELD OF COFFEE PLANTS FERTILIZED WITH DIFFERENT DOSES OF 20-00-20 NPK FORMULATION UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

Josemar Dávila Torres; Marcelo Curitiba Espindula; Larissa Fatarelli Bento de Araújo; Alaerto Luiz Marcolan; Rodrigo Barros Rocha

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n225rc

Authors

Josemar Dávila Torres Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rolim de Moura, RO https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-8637
Marcelo Curitiba Espindula Agroflorestry Research Center of Rondônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Porto Velho, RO https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-9746
Larissa Fatarelli Bento de Araújo Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rolim de Moura, RO https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-024X
Alaerto Luiz Marcolan Agroflorestry Research Center of Rondônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Porto Velho, RO https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-8368
Rodrigo Barros Rocha Agroflorestry Research Center of Rondônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Porto Velho, RO https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-5315

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n225rc

Keywords:

Coffea canephora. Nitrogen. Potassium. Fertilizer use efficiency.

Abstract

Little is known about the management of high-yield clonal Coffea canephora in the Amazonian Region, mainly for nutritional aspects and cultivation system efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different nitrogen and potassium fertilization rates on coffee grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency of C. canephora trees. An experiment was performed at an experimental field of the Embrapa Rondônia in Porto Velho (RO), Brazil. It was carried out in a split-plot scheme with six doses of 20-00-20 NPK formulation (0; 250; 500; 1,000; 2,000; and 3,000 kg ha^-1) and three years of evaluation (2014, 2015, and 2016). An interaction between fertilizer dose and crop year was observed. Fertilizer doses showed an exponential behavior, with maximum yields of 51, 114, and 79 bags ha^-1 at 3,000 kg ha^-1 in the crop years of 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Such a behavior impacted average and accumulated yields in the three harvest seasons. As for crop year effect within each fertilizer dose, the highest yield was reached in the second harvest after pruning for renewal of orthotropic stems. Moreover, fertilizer use efficiency by plants decreased exponentially, with the highest value at the lowest dose. Increasing doses of 20-00-20 formulation promoted an exponential increase in grain yield but decreased its use efficiency by C. canephora plants. This management also stimulated a strong biannual production.

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