IN VITRO SEED GERMINATION AND PLANT GROWTH OF  “CABEÇA-DE-FRADE” (CACTACEAE)

Sheila Vitória Resende; Alone Lima-Brito; Gabriela Torres-Silva; José Raniere Ferreira de Santana

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n101rc

Authors

Sheila Vitória Resende Institute of Biology, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-3924
Alone Lima-Brito Biological Science Department, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4560-3182
Gabriela Torres-Silva Plant Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-5053
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana Biological Science Department, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-6888

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n101rc

Keywords:

Melocactus. Culture medium. In vitro establishment. Chemical sterilization.

Abstract

The genus Melocactus (“cabeça-de-frade”) comprises 32 species in Brazil, of which M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus are threatened with extinction. The present work evaluated the effects of different concentrations of Murashige & Skoog (MS, MS/2 and MS/4) culture medium and sucrose (15 g L^-1and 30 g L^-1) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens and the efficiency of sterilization with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens when using seeds and M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus when using apical segment of cladode. In M. glaucescens, the final germination at the different MS and sucrose concentrations varied between 53.5 and 68.1% and the best results for in vitro growth were observed with the lowest mineral salt (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L^-1) concentrations, with lengths of the aerial portion of 9.70 and 10.76 mm, respectively. There was no difference in seed germination and plant growth in chemical and autoclave medium. It is concluded that the use of chemical sterilization with NaOCl at low concentrations of salts (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L^-1) are quite advantageous for producing ornamental plants germinated in vitro and/or apical segment of cladode of M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus, representing a reduction of costs for in vitro cultivation of this species.

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