GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTORS TO ACCESS BRAZILIAN OKRA GENOTYPES DIVERSITY

Fábio Janoni Carvalho; Thiago Fellipe Nunes de Mendonça; Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli; Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel; Andressa Alves Clemente

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n202rc

Authors

Fábio Janoni Carvalho General Coordination of Research and Innovation, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0327-1821
Thiago Fellipe Nunes de Mendonça Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0773-750X
Ana Carolina Silva Siquieroli Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-1262
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-9134
Andressa Alves Clemente Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0927-1435

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n202rc

Keywords:

Abelmoschus esculentus L. Genetic variability. Molecular markers. Phenotype.

Abstract

Information of the variation for important morphological and physiological traits of okra is still limited. Molecular analysis is an important additional tool in germplasm characterization studies. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of the growth and yield of 20 pre-commercial okra accessions to identify molecular markers’ association with morphological traits. Nineteen morphological traits were measured with five qualitative and 14 quantitative descriptors. For analysis of genetic patterns Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used with nine primers and 24 usable bands. The genetic dissimilarity was evaluated based in morphological and genetic matrices. Also, graphical representation of genetic distances was obtained by UPGMA and Tocher's optimization method. The morphological characterization of the accessions detected polymorphism for all evaluated traits. RAPD markers were efficient in detecting genetic variability among okra accessions. For the primers used in the experiment, only OPE10 did not amplify the DNA strand. The other eight primers produced a total of 35 bands, in which 25 were polymorphic and ten were monomorphic. The morphological traits and molecular markers identified wide genetic variability among the 20 okra accessions, indicating successful crosses in breeding programs and isolating some interesting materials. Morphological and molecular cluster analyses were complementary and helped in the genotype selection. Molecular analysis indicated some divergent accessions that were not found in morphological analysis, which could highlight some materials that have a desirable trait, that is difficult and highly costly to access in field experiments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ABD EL-FATTAH, B. E. S.; HARIDY, A. G.; ABBAS, H. S. Response to planting date, stress tolerance and genetic diversity analysis among okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) varieties. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 67: 831–851, 2020.

AKASH, M. W; SHIYAB, S. M; SALEH, M. I. Yield and AFLP analyses of inter-landrace variability in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Life Science Journal, 10: 2771-2779, 2013.

AHIAKPA, J. K. et al. Genetic diversity, correlation and path analyses of okra (Abelmoschus spp. (L.) Moench) germplasm collected in Ghana. International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 2: 1396-1415, 2013.

ASGHAR S. Screening of different okra genotypes against heat stress okra to heat stress. International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 3: 29–32, 2016.

CONG-YING, Y. et al. Genetic diversity revealed by morphological traits and ISSR markers in 48 Okras (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 21: 359–364, 2015.

CONG-YING, Y. et al. Genetic diversity analysis of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) by intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Genetics and Molecular Research, 13: 3165–3175, 2014.

CRUZ, C. D.; REGAZZI, A. J.; CARNEIRO, P. C. S. Modelos biométricos aplicados ao melhoramento genético. 4 ed. Viçosa, MG: Editora UFV, 2012. 514 p.

EL-SHERBENY, G. A. R. et al. ISSR markers linked to agronomic traits in okra. International Journal of Modern Agriculture, 7: 9–12, 2018.

FERREIRA, M. E.; GRATTAPLAGIA, D. Introduccion al uso de Marcadores Moleculares en el Análisis Genetico. 3 ed. Brasília, DF: Embrapa-Cenargen, 1998. 221 p.

GULSEN, O.; KARAGUL, S.; ABAK, K. Diversity and relationships among Turkish okra germplasm by SRAP and phenotypic marker polymorphism. Biologia, 62: 41-45, 2007.

IKRAM-UL-HAQ, A. A. K.; AZMAT, M. A. Assessment of genetic diversity in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) using RAPD markers. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 50: 655-662, 2013.

IPGRI - International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. Okra descriptor, diversity for development. Rome, IT: International Plant Genetic Resource Institute, 1991. 138 p.

KUMAR, S. et al. Assessment of genetic diversity among okra genotypes using SSR markers. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 26: 172–178, 2017.

KYRIAKOPOULOU, O. G. et al. Genetic and morphological diversity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench.) genotypes and their possible relationships, with particular reference to Greek landraces. Scientia Horticulturae, 171: 58-70, 2014.

LIAW, A.; WIENER, M. Classification and Regression by randomForest. R News, 2: 18-22, 2002.

LOUPPE, G. et al. Understanding variable importances in forests of randomized trees. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 26:431-439, 2013.

MACIEL, G. M. et al. Heterosis in okra hybrids obtained by hybridization of two methods: traditional and experimental. Horticultura Brasileira, 35: 119-123, 2017.

MACIEL, G. M. et al. Agronomic potential and selection of okra hybrids to obtain potential genitors. Horticultura Brasileira, 36: 112-117, 2018.

MASSUCATO, L. R. et al. Genetic diversity among Brazilian okra landraces detected by morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, 42: e43426, 2020.

MATTEDI, A. P. et al. Selection of okra parents based on performance and genetic divergence. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14: 3044-3050, 2015.

MOULIN, M. M. et al. Collection and morphological characterization of sweet potato landraces in north of Rio de Janeiro state. Horticultura Brasileira, 30: 286-292, 2012.

MOURA, M. C. C. L. et al. Algoritmo de Gower na estimativa da divergência genética em germoplasma de pimenta. Horticultura Brasileira, 28: 155-161, 2010.

OUEDRAOGO, M. H. et al. Evaluation of genetic diversity of okra accessions [Abelmoschus esculentus (L. Moench)] cultivated in Burkina Faso using microsatellite markers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 17:126–132, 2018.

PATEL, J. S.; JAPDA, A. R.; DHRUVE, J. J. Assessment of genetic diversity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) for YVMV using RAPD and SSR markers. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 8: 217–223, 2018.

PATIL, P. et al. A systematic review of the genus Abelmoschus (Malvaceae). Rheedea, 25: 14-30, 2015.

PETROPOULOS, S. et al. Chemical composition, nutritional value and antioxidant properties of Mediterranean okra genotypes in relation to harvest stage. Food Chemistry, 242: 466-474, 2018.

RAVISHANKAR, K. V. et al. Identification of novel microsatellite markers in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) through next-generation sequencing and their utilization in analysis of genetic relatedness studies and cross-species transferability. Journal of Genetics, 97: 39–47, 2018.

SCHAFLEITNER, R. et al. The okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) transcriptome as a source for gene sequence information and molecular markers for diversity analysis. Gene, 517: 27-36, 2013.

SILVA, A. R.; DIAS, C. T. S. A cophenetic correlation coefficient for Tocher's method. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 48: 589-596, 2013.

SILVA, E. H. C. et al. Morphoagronomic characterization and genetic diversity of a Brazilian okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] panel. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 68: 371–380, 2021.

TERZOPOULOS, P. J.; BEBELI, P. J. Genetic diversity analysis of Mediterranean faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with ISSR markers. Field Crops Research, 108: 39–44, 2008.

WILLIAMS, J. G. K. et al. DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. NucleicAcids Research, 18: 6531-6535, 1990.

YILDIZ, M. et al. Genetic and phenotypic variation of Turkish Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 25: 234-244, 2016.

YONAS, M.; GAREDEW, W.; DEBELA, A. Multivariate analysis among okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) collection in South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9: 43-50, 2014.

ZANKLAN, A. S. et al. Genetic diversity in cultivated yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) evaluated through multivariate analysis of morphological and agronomic traits. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 65: 811–843, 2018.