BIOCHAR AS SOIL CONDITIONER IN THE SUCCESSION OF UPLAND RICE AND COWPEA FERTILIZED WITH NITROGEN

Authors

  • Neyton de Oliveira Miranda Department of Environmental and Technological Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN
  • Alexandre Santos Pimenta Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN
  • Gualter Guenther Costa da Silva Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN
  • Ermelinda Maria Mota Oliveira Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN
  • Mary Anne Barbosa de Carvalho Graduate Program in Soil Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n206rc

Keywords:

Oryza sativa. Vigna unguiculata. Charcoal. Carbon sequestration.

Abstract

The effects of biochar and nitrogen application on yields of upland rice and cowpea and on soil fertility were determined in a greenhouse in Macaíba, RN, Brazil. The trial consisted of the succession of two crops in a completely randomized design and a factorial scheme, with four replicates. Initially, four doses of biochar and four doses of nitrogen were tested for cultivation of rice. Subsequently, four doses of biochar and two doses of nitrogen were tested in half of the pots maintained for planting cowpea. Soil was sampled after rice harvest for half of the pots and at end of the trial for the remaining pots. We evaluated the following parameters: mass of hundred grains of rice, dry shoot mass, panicle number, number of filled spikelets and of empty spikelets, and grain production. Determinations for cowpea were: pod number per pot, grain number per pod, and grain production per pot. Measured soil parameters were: pH, contents of organic carbon, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. Biochar addition did not influence yield components of upland rice and cowpea, but resulted in increased soil N retention, which influenced rice dry shoot mass, spikelets sterility, panicle number, and grain mass. Biochar also promoted increased soil pH, potassium content, and exchangeable sodium percentage and decreased calcium and magnesium concentrations.

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Author Biographies

Neyton de Oliveira Miranda, Department of Environmental and Technological Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN

Professor Associado. Departamento de Ciências Ambientais. UFERSA

Alexandre Santos Pimenta, Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN

Professor Adjunto, Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias

Gualter Guenther Costa da Silva, Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN

Professor Adjunto, Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias

Ermelinda Maria Mota Oliveira, Agricultural Sciences Specialized Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN

Professora Adjunta, Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias

Mary Anne Barbosa de Carvalho, Graduate Program in Soil Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB

Mestranda em Ciências Florestais – UFRN.

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Published

24-01-2017

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Section

Agronomy