SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN PEACH FARMING TO LARVAE OF Chrysoperla externa (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN SEMI-FIELD CONDITIONS

Authors

  • Rodolfo Vargas Castilhos Research Center for Family Farming, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC.
  • Anderson Dionei Grützmacher Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS.
  • Márcio Bartz das Neves Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS.
  • Ítalo Lucas de Moraes Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS.
  • Cleiton Jair Gauer Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n112rc

Keywords:

Biological control. Lacewings. Chemical control. Prunus persica L..

Abstract

The selectivity of five insecticides, regularly used in peach farming, was assessed for larvae of the predator Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) by means of bioassay in semi-field conditions. The bioassay was based on the counting of captured larvae after release in peach trees treated with the insecticides (% of active ingredient in spray liquid): deltamethrin (0.001), fenthion (0.050), phosmet (0.100), lufenuron (0.005) and malathion (0.200). Bait-cards with eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used to capture larvae from treated plants; five of them were fixed in plant canopy and five others left on the soil around stem. A protective barrier made up of galvanized steel sheet was used for each plant to avoid loss of larvae. The number of larvae feeding on the bait-cards was measured for four days. According to the number of captured larvae, each insecticide effect was estimated and classified into toxicity categories as stated by the International Organization for Biological and Integratec Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC). Based on observations, the insect growth regulator lufenuron was harmless, while the neurotoxins deltamethrin and malathion were slightly harmful; and lastly, fenthion and phosmet were moderately harmful to C. externa larvae in semi-field conditions. Thus, lufenuron should be recommended for integrated pest management, since it would preserve this predator species in peach orchards.

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Published

02-12-2016

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Section

Agronomy