QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E AÇÃO ENZIMÁTICA ANTIOXIDANTE EM SEMENTES DE GIRASSOL EXPOSTAS À DETERIORAÇÃO

Thaís de Castro Morais; Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias; Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro; Guilherme Fontes Valory Gama; Laércio Junio da Silva

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n308rc

Autores

Thaís de Castro Morais Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-8591
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-2490
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8060-8790
Guilherme Fontes Valory Gama Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6685-7969
Laércio Junio da Silva Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-0420

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n308rc

Palavras-chave:

Helianthus annuus L. Enzimas antioxidantes. Envelhecimento acelerado. Vigor de sementes.

Resumo

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas decorrentes da deterioração controlada em diferentes lotes de sementes de girassol. Foram utilizados dois lotes de sementes da cultivar Hélio 253, condicionados à deterioração simulada, utilizando-se a metodologia do teste de envelhecimento acelerado conduzido (41 °C e 100% UR) por 0, 48, 72 e 96 h. Em seguida, as sementes foram submetidas aos testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento e matéria seca de plântulas, emergência, envelhecimento acelerado e condutividade elétrica. A avaliação da atividade antioxidante foi feita através das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), ascorbato peroxidase (APX) e peroxidase (POX) aos 0, 2, 4 e 6 dias após a semeadura. A deterioração provocou redução na germinação e no vigor das sementes, principalmente no lote de menor vigor inicial e nos maiores tempos de exposição (72 e 96 h). Para ambos os lotes, foram observadas reduções da atividade da SOD e aumento da POX e APX durante a germinação das sementes, sobretudo a partir de 48 h de exposição ao envelhecimento. As enzimas peroxidases são ativadas em sementes deterioradas e não deterioradas de girassol, principalmente após dois dias de germinação.

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