Hymenopteran parasitoids diversity in conventional strawberry cultivation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3813888rcKeywords:
Fragaria. Biological control. Ecosystemic services.Abstract
Hymenopteran parasitoids contribute to agroecosystem biological control with ecological services. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the diversity (Shannon), richness and abundance of parasitoids of the Hymenoptera order associated with conventional strawberry cultivation in four commercial production farms (A, B, C and D), in Alfredo Vasconcelos, MG. Farms were selected based on their cropping practices, cropping history, among other parameters. Samples were collected biweekly, with 30 Moerick-type traps set in each farm; each sample comprised three traps. Were collected 234 parasitoids, classified in 17 families, mostly Encyrtidae, Scelionidae and Figitidae, with 76 (32.3%), 44 (18.7%) and 28 (11.9%) individuals, respectively. Upon comparing the abundance, richness and Shannon index of the four farms, differences were observed for all indexes. Generally, farm D had higher and different index from farm B. Among the factors that may have contributed to these variations, the presence of natural areas in the immediate surroundings of strawberry cultures stands out, since there was a natural area (native forest) of approximately 10 hectares on farm D, three times larger than the area observed on farm B. In spite of the pesticide spraying done in conventional strawberry culture, we observed diversity in the hymenopteran parasitoids sampled. Natural areas around cultures may encourage the arrival of these natural enemies, thereby favoring biological control of pests in strawberry cultivation.
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