Compatibility among bacterial isolates and their efficacy in the biocontrol of Meloidogyne exigua in tomato plants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252026v3914017rcKeywords:
Bacillus thuringiensis. Brevibacterium epidermidis. Biological control. Bionematicides.Abstract
Tomatoes are the second most cultivated vegetable in Brazil. Despite their importance, nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne can compromise their productivity. Some bacteria have potential for managing these pathogens. Three experiments were carried out, each repeated once. In experiment 1, the efficiency of 20 bacterial isolates obtained from biofertilizers in the mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. exigua was evaluated. Bacterial isolates B74, B86, B88, and B121 were as efficient as Fluensulfona, with mortality probabilities of up to 82%. Experiment 2 was carried out to verify the compatibility between the seven most promising isolates evaluated in experiment 1. There was no antagonistic effect between the isolates, and they were identified as follows: B74: Bacillus thuringiensis; B75: Bacillus wiedmannii; B84: Bacillus cereus; B85: Micrococcus luteus; B86: Bacillus cereus; B88: Bacillus thuringiensis and B121: Brevibacterium epidermidis. In experiment 3, the effect of the bacterial isolates selected in experiment 2, applied individually or in combination, on the biocontrol of M. exigua parasitizing tomato plants was evaluated. All treatments reduced the population of M. exigua, with the best results obtained by Fluensulfona and isolate B121. There are no reports in the literature on the role of B. epidermidis as a biocontrol agent for M. exigua. It is concluded that isolates B74, B86, B88, and B121 are promising in the biocontrol of M. exigua and can be applied together, as there is no antagonistic effect between them.
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