Gas exchange, photochemical efficiency, and production of okra under saline water irrigation and potassium fertilization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252026v3915271rcKeywords:
Abelmoschus esculentus L.. Salt stress. Osmoregulation.Abstract
Water scarcity has intensified the use of saline water in irrigated agriculture, compromising the physiological performance and production of crops, particularly okra. Among management strategies, potassium fertilization has stood out as a promising alternative in mitigating the effects of salt stress on plants. The objective was to evaluate the influence of potassium fertilization on gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and production components of okra under irrigation with saline water. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 5 × 5 factorial arrangement, with five irrigation water salinity levels (ECw = 0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3, and 4.3 dS m-1) and five potassium doses (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the recommended K2O dose), with 100% corresponding to 150 mg K2O kg-1 of soil, with three replications. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and production components of okra were evaluated. Salinity levels above 0.3 dS m-1 reduced the quantum efficiency of photosystem II, fruit length, and fresh fruit weight of okra cv. Santa Cruz. Fertilization with 150% of the recommended K2O dose decreased stomatal conductance, transpiration, and the CO2 assimilation rate of okra irrigated with water of 4.3 dS m-1. Under semi-arid edaphoclimatic conditions, fertilization with 150% K2O mitigated the effects of salt stress on the fruit diameter of okra irrigated under an ECw of 4.3 dS m-1.
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