GUARANTISM AND JUVENILE RESPONSIBILITY IN SOCIO-EDUCATION
BETWEEN PUNISHMENT AND PROTECTION OF ADOLESCENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21708/issn2526-9488.v10.n19.p246-263.2026Abstract
This article aims to analyze the overcoming of moral claims in juvenile accountability from the perspective of the garantist matrix. Through bibliographic and documentary research, the study revisits the historical phases of juvenile accountability, from undifferentiated penal treatment to the consolidation of the doctrine of integral protection. The work discusses the criteria for applying socio-educational measures, considering the interface between their sanctioning and educational nature. It concludes that the garantist approach offers a balanced model, reconciling the accountability of adolescents with respect for their peculiar condition of development, prioritizing open-environment measures and restricting freedom as an exception. The effectiveness of this model, however, depends on robust public policies and the overcoming of minoritarian practices still present in the juvenile justice system. The article argues that adequate accountability must integrate aspects of conduct reproach and social integration, aiming at the protective, pedagogical, and restorative dimensions of harm.
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